Ch 11 Flashcards
What is the term for the smallest living unit of all living things?
Cell
Who was the first to devote an entire book exclusively to microscopic observation?
Robert Hooke
State the two parts of the cell theory.
All living things are composed of living units called cells and cell products and All cells come from pre-existing cells
Name the four main elements of which all cells are composed.
Oxygen
nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen
Which of the three main parts of the cell is considered the most important part?
Nucleus
Define DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
It stores information that determines the genetic traits of an organism
What objective should you begin with when viewing an object under microscope?
Scanning objective
List two features of plant cells that animal and human cells do not have.
Cell wall and chloroplasts
What is the term for the storage space found within cell?
Vacuoles
Why are a plant’s unripe fruits often green?
They contain chloroplasts
What term describes objects that can be easily seen by the unaided eye?
Macroscopic
What are the smallest of the chlorophyll containing plants?
Algae
Define plankton
Microorganisms that live near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms
What is a cluster of algae living together called?
Colony
Name the most numerous of the yellow algae.
Diatoms
How do the red algae differ from the brown algae
Brown algae is near the surface of the water where they can obtain most sunlight red algae grows deeper in the warmer waters
Which jelly like substance gives commercial ice cream a smooth creamy texture?
Carrageenan
What is a scientist who studies fungi called?
Mycologists
What term refers to organisms that obtain your nourishment from dead organisms?
Saprophyte
Which part of a mushroom is composed of the stalk and cap?
Fruiting body
In what two ways do bracket fungi differ from mushrooms?
They don’t have gills or a dome.
Their spores drop and the wind carries them away
They grow more slowly
Name to parasitic club fungi that badly damaged crops each year
Smut and rust
What fungi are a household problem because they grow on food?
Molds
What is the largest group of fungi?
Sac fungi
By what process do yeasts reproduce?
Budding
What is the term for the animal like organisms are made up of a single cell?
Protozoa
Who is known as the Father of Microbiology?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Name the whiplike organ used by a euglena for locomotion
Flagellum
Define eyespot
A small spot of light-sensitive pigment
What are the elastic “holding tanks” that collect and dispose of excess water within protozoa
Contractile Vacuoles
Name a disease caused by Trypanosoms
African sleeping sickness
What protozoan is the best known sarcodine?
Amoeba
Which protozoa can be distinguished by their unique slipper shape them by the cilia that completely cover them?
Paramecium
What is the final like depression that runs along one side of a paramecium body?
The Oral groove
Define Sporozoa
Spore forming protozoa incapable of independent movement and exist as heteroecious parasites
What is the sporozoan disease spread by the Anopheles mosquito?
Malaria
Define prokaryote
Single celled organisms that have no organized nuclei-like blue-green algae
Which species of bacteria has given us much of our present understanding of heredity?
E. coli
