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7th Science Chapter 5 > Ch 11 > Flashcards

Ch 11 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the term for the smallest living unit of all living things?

A

Cell

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2
Q

Who was the first to devote an entire book exclusively to microscopic observation?

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

State the two parts of the cell theory.

A

All living things are composed of living units called cells and cell products and All cells come from pre-existing cells

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4
Q

Name the four main elements of which all cells are composed.

A

Oxygen
nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen

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5
Q

Which of the three main parts of the cell is considered the most important part?

A

Nucleus

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6
Q

Define DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

It stores information that determines the genetic traits of an organism

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7
Q

What objective should you begin with when viewing an object under microscope?

A

Scanning objective

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8
Q

List two features of plant cells that animal and human cells do not have.

A

Cell wall and chloroplasts

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9
Q

What is the term for the storage space found within cell?

A

Vacuoles

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10
Q

Why are a plant’s unripe fruits often green?

A

They contain chloroplasts

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11
Q

What term describes objects that can be easily seen by the unaided eye?

A

Macroscopic

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12
Q

What are the smallest of the chlorophyll containing plants?

A

Algae

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13
Q

Define plankton

A

Microorganisms that live near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms

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14
Q

What is a cluster of algae living together called?

A

Colony

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15
Q

Name the most numerous of the yellow algae.

A

Diatoms

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16
Q

How do the red algae differ from the brown algae

A

Brown algae is near the surface of the water where they can obtain most sunlight red algae grows deeper in the warmer waters

17
Q

Which jelly like substance gives commercial ice cream a smooth creamy texture?

A

Carrageenan

18
Q

What is a scientist who studies fungi called?

A

Mycologists

19
Q

What term refers to organisms that obtain your nourishment from dead organisms?

A

Saprophyte

20
Q

Which part of a mushroom is composed of the stalk and cap?

A

Fruiting body

21
Q

In what two ways do bracket fungi differ from mushrooms?

A

They don’t have gills or a dome.
Their spores drop and the wind carries them away
They grow more slowly

22
Q

Name to parasitic club fungi that badly damaged crops each year

A

Smut and rust

23
Q

What fungi are a household problem because they grow on food?

A

Molds

24
Q

What is the largest group of fungi?

A

Sac fungi

25
Q

By what process do yeasts reproduce?

A

Budding

26
Q

What is the term for the animal like organisms are made up of a single cell?

A

Protozoa

27
Q

Who is known as the Father of Microbiology?

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

28
Q

Name the whiplike organ used by a euglena for locomotion

A

Flagellum

29
Q

Define eyespot

A

A small spot of light-sensitive pigment

30
Q

What are the elastic “holding tanks” that collect and dispose of excess water within protozoa

A

Contractile Vacuoles

31
Q

Name a disease caused by Trypanosoms

A

African sleeping sickness

32
Q

What protozoan is the best known sarcodine?

A

Amoeba

33
Q

Which protozoa can be distinguished by their unique slipper shape them by the cilia that completely cover them?

A

Paramecium

34
Q

What is the final like depression that runs along one side of a paramecium body?

A

The Oral groove

35
Q

Define Sporozoa

A

Spore forming protozoa incapable of independent movement and exist as heteroecious parasites

36
Q

What is the sporozoan disease spread by the Anopheles mosquito?

A

Malaria

37
Q

Define prokaryote

A

Single celled organisms that have no organized nuclei-like blue-green algae

38
Q

Which species of bacteria has given us much of our present understanding of heredity?

A

E. coli

7th Science Chapter 5 (10 decks)

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