CH 9

Question 1

Developmental anomaly characterized by incomplete closure of the vertebral canal

Answer 1

Spinal bifida

Question 2

A defect in the pars interarticularis that gives the scotty dog appearance of a fracture through the neck in the oblique projection. It most commonly involves the 5th lumbar vertebra and predisposes it to the forward displacement of one vertebra on the other

Answer 2

Spondylolysis

Question 3

The forward displacement of one vertebra on the other

Answer 3

Spondylolisthesis

Question 4

Metabolic disorder of unknown etiology- one of the most common chronic diseases of the skeleton. Destruction of bone followed by a reparative process results in weakened, deformed, and thickened bony structures that tend to fracture easily. Often involving multiple bones, it particularly affects the pelvis, femurs, skull, tibias, vertebrae, clavicles, and ribs

Answer 4

Pagets Disease

Question 5

An inflammatory reaction in the sacroiliac joints which proceeds to complete bony fusion of these joint. If the spine is involved, the vertebral bodies are fused to each other. Advanced cases have a fixed gross kyphosis

Answer 5

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 6

Soft inner part of the vertebral disk (nucleus pulposus) protrudes through fibrous outer layer of the disk. Occurs often between L4-L5, often causes sciatica. Myelograms used to be the way to see this (contrast injected in spinal canal and if nucleus pulposus was protruding the contrast would have an indent in it). Now CT and MRI are modalities of choice to see

Answer 6

Herniated nucleus pulposus

Question 7

Swayback- lumbar curvature is exaggerated- may be caused by pregnancy, extreme obesity, poor posture, rickets or tuberculosis of spine

Answer 7

Lordosis

Question 8

Primary malignant neoplasms that spread to distant sites via blood and lymphatic. Vertebra may be a common site.

Answer 8

Metastases

Question 9

Destructive lesions with irregular margins

Answer 9

Osteolytic

Question 10

Proliferative bony lesions of increased density

Answer 10

Osteoblastic

Question 11

Fracture of spine produced by compression- wedge shaped appearance of vertebral body

Answer 11

Compression fracture

Question 12

From hyperflexion force, often the result of usage of a seatbelt. Belt can act as a fulcrum causing injury to body and posterior elements.

Answer 12

Chance fracture