CH 9

Question 1

The supervised release of convicted criminals from prison before the completion of their full sentences on their promise of good behavior is called ____________.

Answer 1

Parole

Question 2

Alexander Maconochie, a superintendent of a penal colony and a former British naval officer who had been imprisoned himself, believed the real goal of punishment and imprisonment was to ______.

Answer 2

Alexander Maconochie said that corrections should “correct,” or, “teach virtue.”

Question 3

Walter Crofton borrowed the ticket of leave (TOL) system and adapted it to create the ______ system.

Answer 3

Walter Crofton developed the Irish system based on the TOL system

Question 4

Inmates must earn discretionary parole. True or False

Answer 4

True - A parole board decides whether an inmate has earned discretionary parole.

Question 5

Which type of parole occurs automatically for inmates in states that have determinate sentencing systems?

Answer 5

Mandatory parole is the automatic parole for inmates in states that have determinate sentencing systems.

Question 6

On average, discretionary parolees were rearrested sooner than unconditionally released parolees. True or False

Answer 6

False - On average, unconditionally released parolees were rearrested sooner than discretionary parolees

Question 7

States that have ______ must also have parole boards.

Answer 7

Parole

Question 8

Nearly all prisoners eventually return to the community. True or False

Answer 8

True - In 2016, there were 457,100 offenders who entered American state and federal prisons, and 456,000 left them (99.7%).

Question 9

Locking up people from criminogenic neighborhoods will lead to less crime there. True or False

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Most incarcerated fathers lived with their children prior to incarceration. True or False

Answer 10

False

Question 11

The majority of incarcerated parents have drug problems. True or False

Answer 11

True - The majority of convicted parents are convicted of violent or drug crimes. Eighty-five percent of incarcerated parents have a history of drug problems.

Question 12

What are the phases of successful reentry according to the text?

Answer 12

-Phase 1—Protect and Prepare, offenders are educated, treated, and trained prior to release.
-Phase 2—Control and Restore; community-based programs help offenders transition back into the community immediately after release.
-Phase 3—Sustain and Support, offenders must take advantage of long-term support services.

Question 13

What is the most important tool for successful reintegration of offenders

Answer 13

employment

Question 14

There are many competing potential standards for defining parole “success.” True or False

Answer 14

True- There is no agreed-upon definition of parole “success.” Different states view success differently, so it is hard to compare the success in one state with that of another state.

Question 15

Programs that ______ work best for offenders trying to reenter society

Answer 15

Programs taught in the community tend to be effective for people reentering society. There are many such transitional programs, such as halfway houses and work release programs

Question 16

An offender who is in between the constant supervision of prison and the lighter supervision in the community may be sent to ______.

Answer 16

a. Halfway houses are “halfway” between the constant supervision of prison and the much looser supervision in the community (community residential centers)

different types

Question 17

Offenders who are in ______ must stay in a specific location at all times except for approved periods, such as travel to work or school

Answer 17

house arrest

Question 18

Using ______, which allows law enforcement to remotely supervise offenders under house arrest, increased the public’s approval of house arrest as an option.

Answer 18

Electronic monitoring - The public came to approve more of house arrest after the introduction of electronic monitoring, which allows law enforcement to monitor offenders for compliance using computerized technology

Question 19

Joan Petersilia’s work on reentry identified several characteristics of effective programs, one of which was ______.

Answer 19

Programs that use cognitive-behavioral treatment techniques appear to be more successful.

Question 20

In which case did the Court decide that probationers have a right to counsel at a deferred sentencing (probation revocation) hearing?

Answer 20

It was Mempa v. Rhay that the Court decided probationers have a right to counsel at a deferred sentencing hearing.

In this case, probation was revoked without a proper hearing or the assistance of legal counsel, and the probationer was sent to prison.

Question 21

Parole officers need a warrant to search parolees’ homes. True or False

Answer 21

False - Because probationers and parolees waive their Fourth Amendment search and seizure rights, probation and parole officers may conduct searches at any time without a warrant and without probable cause.

probation and parole have limited constitutional rights

Question 22

Parole allows convicted criminals to leave prison to be supervised in the community before the completion of their full sentences. True or False

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Parolees are usually different from probationers because parolees have already spent time in prison. True or False

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Fewer than half of released prisoners are rearrested within 5 years. True or False

Answer 24

False - Far more than half of released prisoners are rearrested within 5 years; over three quarters (76.6%) are.

Question 25

Probationers have higher rates of success than parolees. True or False

Answer 25

true

Question 26

States’ reluctance to re-incarcerate offenders for minor infractions has contributed to an increase in parole “success” rates. True or False

Answer 26

True - States have been more reluctant to reincarcerate offenders for minor infractions, contributing to increases in parole success.