Ch 9/10 Dental Flashcards
There are no deciduous _______ in the dog and cat.
A: first premolars
B: second premolars
C: third premolars
D: molars
What else, just in the dog?
D: molars
In the dog, also A: first premolars
Mature or immature dog?
Mature - the PM1 and PM2 pulp cavities are thin; the canine tooth is non vital, this has resulted in failure of dentinogenesis and therefore the pulp cavity is still wide
When can you evaluate permanent dentition radiographically (in dogs and cats)?
A: 4 weeks
B: 8 weeks
C: 12 weeks
D: 16 weeks
C: 12 weeks
this is when crown calcification becomes apparent
Which is the most common tooth affected by dentigerous cysts?
A: mandibular first premolar
B: maxillary canine
C: mandibular first molar
D: mandibular canine
A: mandibular first premolar
Which type of cyst is characterised by a a well-defined uni- or multi-locular lucency surrounding the crown of an unerupted tooth, and attached at the cementoenamel junction?
A: dentigerous cyst
B: eruption cyst
C: periapical cyst
D: lateral periodontal cyst
A: dentigerous cyst
Odontogenic tumors usually metastasize to the
A: Lung
B: Lymph nodes
C: Brain
D: They don’t
D: They don’t
Which type of animal is overrepresented for odontomas?
A: Siamese cats
B: Yorkshire terriers
C: Spaniels
D: Brachycephalics
C: Spaniels
How would you position to get the right maxillary teeth? which recumbency and which part elevated
R lateral, elevated mandibles
whatever side you are aiming for - this recumbency.
elevated the opposite dental arcade; i.e. if you are imaging the mandibles, elevated the maxilla, and vice versa.
Which tympanic bulla is the dependent side - cranial or caudal one?
cranial
The disc space cranial to the anticlinal vertebra is often ______________.
narrower
What is the bisecting angle in dental radiography?
angle between tooth and plate, to which the x-ray beam should be perpendicular to avoid artifactual shortening or elongation
what’s different about the permanent teeth?
open apices; note how there is no deciduous for the 1st premolar and 3 molars.
In cats, triadian system - what’s the number of the first premolar?
106 (105 is absent) in the maxilla
107 (105 and 106 absent) in the mandible
Cat dental formula - how many teeth is that?
deciduous formula
3/3I - 1/1C - 3/2P - 1/1M = 30 teeth
deciduous, same w/o 1/1M = 26 teeth
Dog dental formula - how many teeth is that?
deciduous formula
3/3I - 1/1C - 4/4 - 2/3 = 42 teeth
deciduous: 3/3I - 1/1C - 3/3 (no molars obviously, and no first premolar) = 28 teeth
In dogs, triadian system - what number do the teeth go up to in the maxilla / mandible?
maxilla 110/210
mandible 311/411
Which tissues are the periodontium and which are endodotium?
The periodontium consists of both hard and soft tissue components that support the teeth: the alveolar bone, the periodontal ligament, the gums, and the cementum.
Endodontium = the pulp and dentin
Why would you get this double line?
Double lamina dura (white arrow) due to convexity at mesial
root of the left mandibular first molar.
What’s the difference between A-C and D?
D is nonvital (304), A - C show normal transition from immature to adult tooth
What is the chevron sign?
Normal variation; periapical lucency in healthy teeth, corresponds to normal trabecular bone and vascular channels.
normal; Chevron sign
How many types of tooth resorption are recognised radiographically?
3 ;
Type 1 - focal/multifocal, but intact peri-lig and tooth opacity
Type 2 - tooth is replaced by bone and peri-lig not visible
Type 3 - combination within the same tooth
Is it normal for the tooth root to contact the ventral mandibular cortex?
common in toy/small breed dogs, they have less bone in proportion to the size of their teeth
When does the dental apex close?
when the tooth reaches its full length;
7-10mo (dog), up to 11mo (cat)
this is earlier in the molars (they are shorter), and later in the canines (obvs)
what kind of bone loss is this?
horizontal
what kind of bone loss is this?
vertical
how much bone loss (%) has happened by the time it’s radiographically visible as furcation bone loss?
30-40%, depending on the tooth type and patient size
What are the most common canine odontogenic tumors?
What about in cats?
POF and CAA; in cats, POF.
peripheral odontogenic fibroma (POF): previously known as fibromatous and calcifying epulides
canine acanthomatous amelo-
blastoma (CAA): formerly known as acanthomatous epulides.
Use of the term epulis is discouraged since it is a nonspecific clinical descriptive term associated with any gingival or oral mucosa growth.
which of these is worse?
2nd is worse; it is classed as a complicated fracture, with extension into the pulp, and periapical lucency.
most likely benign or malignant?
benign; well-defined border, homogenous radiolucency / geographic lysis, deviation (mass effect) rather than destruction of dental structures.
a) intraosseous ameloblastoma
b) acanthomatous ameloblastoma
most likely/common differential for the lesion lateral to the canine tooth?
POF, peripheral odontogenic fibroma
Will CAA tend to have more benign or aggressive features?
it is locally invasive, aggressive bone lesion.
what are these called?
denticles
what is the most common problem associated with unerupted teeth? how common is it?
Dentigerous cysts, very common - 71.4% prevalence
Which dog breeds are predisposed to unerupted teeth?
Brachycephalics, 1st premolar of the mandible most commonly
12y cat - what tumour is it?
SCC
In cats, malignant oral bone tumors can have a similar radiographic appearance to ___________.
osteomyelitis, secondary to endontitic disease or periodontitis
what is that?
dens in dente, or dens invaginatus; developmental dental malformation where enamel and dentin fold inward, creating a pocket within the tooth, potentially leading to pulpal infection and abscesses. It has the radiographic appearance of a separate tooth inside the pulp chamber or canal of another tooth.
what is the irregular well-defined lesion at the root of the mandibular 4th PM?
condensing osteitis or focal sclerosing osteomyelitis
What is this condition and which breed is it most common in?
eruption cyst, young yorkies
this cyst is at the crown, like in dentigerous.. but the tooth is erupting/about to erupt. no treatment necessary.
what is the name of this appearance and which tumor is it associated with?
soap-bubble; central/intraosseous ameloblastoma - cystic with minimal periosteal reaction.
which type of canine amelolastoma is more common?
CAA - acanthomatous / peripheral
Where is CAA more common?
rostral mandible
what are odontomas? what types are there?
benign tumors;
compound - these have denticles.
complex - amorphous.
What kind of odontoma is this?
Complex
Which vitamin imbalance will result in tooth resorption in the cat?
chronic excess Vit D intake
Why has ‘r’ occurred?
r is root resorption, arrowheads show periapical lucency. These are secondary to a crown fracture, which leads to pulpitis and bone resorption.
see image for another example
