Ch 8 - Therapeutic Exercise, Bedrest, Evaluation of Functional Independence and Aging

Question 1

Describe Open kinetic chain exercises.

Answer 1

NWB such as leg extensions, leg curls, and bench presses

Question 2

Describe Closed kinetic chain exercises.

Answer 2

Distal segment of a joint meets a fixed source of resistance such as the ground
Include leg presses, squats, and push-ups

Question 3

What is DeLorme’s exercises, also known as progressive resistive exercises (PREs)?

Answer 3

Greatest weight that can be lifted, pulled, or pushed 10 times through full ROM

Question 4

What are plyometric exercises?

Answer 4

Training technique designed to increase muscular power and explosiveness

Question 5

What is the WB dec in water?

Answer 5

Patient submerged in chest-deep water has a decreased weight-bearing load of 40% of total body weight

Question 6

What is biofeedback?

Answer 6

Visual and audio tech to reveal and translate normal and abnormal internal physiologic events in order to teach an individual to manipulate otherwise involuntary events

Question 7

What is stretching?

Answer 7

Increase ROM by lengthening tendon and muscle beyond the available range

Question 8

At what rate does immobilization decrease strength?

Answer 8

1.0% to 1.5% per day
20% to 30% during only a week to 9 days of bedrest
5 weeks of total inactivity costs 50% of the previous muscle strength

Question 9

What % of muscle mass is lost each week of immobilization?

Answer 9

5-10%

Question 10

What can immobilization do to bones?

Answer 10

Cause osteopenia

Question 11

What are cardiac effects of immobilization?

Answer 11

Inc resting HR
Dec SV
Venous pooling
Dec blood and plasma volumes
Inc risk of DVT/PE

Question 12

What is an impairment?

Answer 12

Physical or psychological abnormality, usually the manifestation of a disease or injury

Question 13

What is a disability?

Answer 13

Inability to perform a particular activity or function

Question 14

What is a handicap?

Answer 14

Inability to perform or fulfill a usual role/life activity as a result of the impairment and disability

Question 15

What type of scale is FIM?

Answer 15

Ordinal scale

Question 16

What causes digitalis toxicity in elderly?

Answer 16

Secondary to impaired renal function

Question 17

What is the MC etiology of prerenal azotemia?

Answer 17

NSAID use

Question 18

What is Presbycusis?

Answer 18

Loss of ability, as one ages, to perceive or discriminate sounds

Question 19

Which TCA is preferred in elderly?

Answer 19

Nortriptyline due to less anticholinergic effects

Question 20

What medications can be used used for agitation in elderly?

Answer 20

Amytriptyline

Question 21

What are cardiac effects of aging?

Answer 21

Dec max HR
Inc LV end SV
Dec EF with exercise
Dec CO
Dec VO2 max
Inc SBP and DBP
Dec baroreceptor sensitivity

Question 22

What are pulmonary effects of aging?

Answer 22

Dec VC
Dec PO2
Dec FEV1 at 30 cc/year
Dec max min ventilation