Ch 12 - Biostatistics and Ethics

Question 1

What is ordinal scale?

Answer 1

Classifies data within various categories possessing a natural order but do not necessarily have quantifiable or equal intervals

Question 2

When are results considered statistically significant?

Answer 2

If the p-value is smaller than the alpha level (α)

Question 3

Describe a Cohort study.

Answer 3

Follow a defined exposure group over time and provide estimated risks and relative risks

Question 4

Describe a Case-control study.

Answer 4

Follow 1 exposed population, compare it to an unexposed control population, and generate odds ratios

Question 5

What is informed consent based on?

Answer 5

Principle of autonomy

Question 6

What is autonomy?

Answer 6

One’s moral right to make knowledgeable decisions

Question 7

What is Competence?

Answer 7

Compulsory for obtaining informed consent and participating in treatment

Question 8

What is decisional capacity?

Answer 8

Patient’s capability to engage in making choices

Question 9

What is Beneficence?

Answer 9

Prevent harm, remove from harm, as well as promote welfare while honoring the patient’s autonomy

Question 10

What is nonmaleficence?

Answer 10

“Do no harm”

Question 11

What is Justice?

Answer 11

Fair distribution of limited health care resources