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Parasitology > Ch. 8 - The Nematodes > Flashcards

Ch. 8 - The Nematodes Flashcards

0
Q

Other name of nematodes

A

Intestinal roundworms

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1
Q

Organisms that are multicellular and contain internal organ systems

A

Helminths

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2
Q

Class of nematodes

A

Nematoda

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3
Q

Multicellular parasites that appear round in cross section

A

Nematodes

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4
Q

3 basic morphologic forms of nematodes

A
  • eggs
  • larvae
  • adult worms
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5
Q

Which adult worm gender is larger?

A

Female

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6
Q

Phylum of nematodes

A

Nemathelminthes

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7
Q

6 intestinal species of nematodes

A
  • Enterobius vermicularis
  • Trichuris trichiura
  • Ascaris lumbricoides
  • Necator americanus
  • Anyclostoma duodenale
  • Strongyloides stercoralis
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8
Q

2 intestinal-tissue species of nematodes

A
  • Trichinella spiralis

- Dracunculus medinensis

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9
Q

2 common names for Enterobius vermicularis

A
  • pinworm

- seatworm

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10
Q

2 diseases associated with E. vermicularis infection

A
  • Enterobiasis

- pinworm infection

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11
Q

Nematode with eggs that are flattened on one side (D-shaped)

A

E. vermicularis eggs

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12
Q

Specimen of choice for E. vermicularis eggs

A

Cellophane tape preparation/scotchtape swab

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13
Q

Host of E. vermicularis

A

Hhmans

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14
Q

MOT of E. vermicularis

A

Ingestion of embryonated eggs

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15
Q

Infective stage of E. vermicularis

A

Embryonated egg

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16
Q

Term for a pregnant female worm

A

Gravid

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17
Q

Organ where adult E. vermicularis worms reside

A

Colon

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18
Q

Nematode whose gravid female adults migrate outside the body to the perianal region to to deposit eggs

A

E. vermicularis

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19
Q

Condition where infected individuals reinfect themselves

A

Autoreinfection

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20
Q

Condition when infective pinworm eggs migrate back into the host, develop and reproduce rather than becoming dislodged

A

Retroinfection

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21
Q

Amoeba that may be transmitted by E. vermicularis

A

Dientamoeba fragilis

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22
Q

Most common helminth known to cause infection in the US

A

Pinworm (E. vermicularis)

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23
Q

3 drugs for the treatment of E. vermicularis infection

A
  • mebendazole
  • albendazole
  • pyrantel pamoate
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24
2 morphologic form recovered in pinworm infections
- eggs | - adult females
25
Common name for Trichuris trichiura
Whipworm
26
2 diseases associated with T. trichiura infection
- Trichuriasis | - whipworm infection
27
Shape of T. trichiura egg
- Barrel-shaped - football-shaped - Japanese lantern shape
28
What substance is at the ends of the T. trichiura egg?
Bipolar mucus/hyaline plug
29
Specimen of choice for T. trichiura eggs
Stool
30
Infective stage of T. trichiura
Embryonated eggs
31
MOT of T. trichiura
Ingestion of embryonated eggs
32
Third most common helminth parasite
T. trichiura
33
2 drugs for treatment for whipworm infections
- mebendazole | - albendazole
34
Best laboratory technique for the recovery of T. trichiura egss
Zinc sulfate flotation
35
2 common names for Ascaris lumbricoides
- large intestinal roundworm | - roundworm of man
36
Infective stage of A. lumbricoides
Embryonated egg
37
A surface covering present on adult nematodesq
Cuticle
38
Specimen of choice for A. lumbricoides eggs
Stool
39
MOT of A. lumbricoides
Ingestion of embryonated eggs
40
Nematode whose larvae undergo a liver-lung migration
A. lumbricoides
41
The first stop for A. lumbricoides larvae in their initial migration in the body
Liver
42
The second stop for the A. lumbricoides larvae in their migration in the body
Lungs
43
The most common intestinal helminth infection in the world
Ascariasis
44
Amoeba that A. lumbricoides may transmit
Dientamoeba fragilis
45
2 nematodes that may transmit D. fragilis trophozoites
- Enterobius vermicularis | - Ascaris lumbricoides
46
2 drugs for the treatment of A. lumbricoides infections
- Mebendazole | - Albendazole
47
Common name for Necator americanus
New World hookworm
48
Common name for Ancylostoma duodenale
Old World hookworm
49
2 diseases associated with N. americanus
- hookworm infection | - necatoriasis
50
2 diseases associated with A. duodenale
- hookworm infection | - ancylostomiasis
51
The actively feeding larva of hookworms
Rhabditiform larvae
52
Hookworm stage with a long buccal cavity and a small genital primordium
Rhabditiform larvae
53
The infective, nonfeeding stage of hookworms
Filariform larvae
54
When does filariform larvae emerge?
After the rhabditiform larva completes its second molt
55
Does the hookworm filriform larva have a distinct pointed tail? (Yes/No)
Yes
56
Structure in male adult hookworms that aids in copulation
Copulatory bursa
57
Specimen of choice for hookworm eggs
Stool
58
MOT of hookworms
Skin penetration of third-stage filariform larvae
59
Intense allergic itching at the site of hookworm penetration
Ground itch
60
2 drugs for hookworm infection
- mebendazole | - pyrantel pamoate
61
2 human hookworms
- Necator americanus | - Ancylostoma duodenale
62
2 animal hookworms
- Ancylostoma braziliense (cat) | - Ancylostoma caninum (Dog)
63
Dental pattern of N. americanus
- no teeth | - pair of semilunar cutting plates
64
Dental pattern of A. duodenale
2 pairs of prominent ventral teeth
65
Dental pattern of A. braziliensis
2 pairs (1 prominent pair and 1 small pair)
66
Dental pattern of A. caninum
3 pairs of prominent teeth
67
Hookworm that is bidigitate
N. americanus
68
Hookworm that is tridigitate
A. duodenale
69
Type of anemia caused by human hookworms
Hypocytic hypochromic anemia
70
Condition when animal hookworms infect human
Cutaneous larva migrants (CLM)
71
Treatment of choice for cutaneous larva migrants (CLM)
Thiabendazole
72
Common name of Strongyloides stercoralis
Threadworm
73
2 diseases associated with S. stercoralis infections
- strongyloidiasis | - threadworm infection
74
Infective stage of S. stercoralis
Larva
75
MOT of S. stercoralis
Skin penetration of larva
76
Technique used to distinguish a hookworm and Strongyloides egg
Harada-Mori Culture Technique
77
2 types of life cycle by S. stercoralis
- homogonic cycle | - heterogonic cycle
78
Type of life cycle by S. stercoralis where the parasite changes from larva to filariform
Homogonic cycle
79
Type of life cycle by S. stercoralis where the parasite lives as a free-living adult
Heterogonic cycle
80
Adult female nematode that is parthenogenic
S. stercoralis adult female
81
Specimen of choice for S. stercoralis eggs
Stool (zinc sulfate concentration)
82
Specimen of choice for S. stercoralis rhabditiform larvae
Duodenal aspirates
83
2 drugs for treatment of threadworm infection
- ivermectin | - albendazole
84
Common name for Trichinella spiralis
Trichina worm
85
2 diseases associated with T. spiralis
- trichinosis | - trichinellosis
86
Specimen of choice for T. spiralis encysted larva
Skeletal muscle
87
3 drugs for severe infections of T. spiralis
- Prednisone - thiabendazole - steroids
88
MOT of T. spiralis
Ingestion of contaminated food (pork)
89
Habitat of T. spiralis where it encysts
Skeletal muscle
90
Hanitat of adult stage T. spiralis
Small intestine
91
Infective stage of T. spiralis
Encysted larva

Parasitology (6 decks)

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