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Parasitology > Ch. 6 - Plasmodium > Flashcards

Ch. 6 - Plasmodium Flashcards

0
Q

6 stages of the life cycle of Plasmodium spp.

A
  • ring forms (early trophozoite)
  • developing trophozoites
  • immature schizonts
  • mature schizonts
  • microgametocytes
  • macrogametocytes
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1
Q

Parasites with no obvious structures for the purpose of motility

A

Sporozoa

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2
Q

Stage of Plasmodium parasites following invasion into a previously healthy RBC

A

Ring form (early trophozoite)

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3
Q

Stage of Plasmodium where there is an emergence of the fully developed asexual sporozoa trophozoite

A

Mature schizont

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4
Q

Fully developed stage of the asexual sporozoa trophozoite

A

Merozoites

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5
Q

General shape of microgametocyte

A

Roundish

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6
Q

General shape of macrogametocytes

A

Round to oval

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7
Q

Mosquito genus responsible for the transmission of malaria to humans via blood meal

A

Anopheles

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8
Q

Infective stage of plasmodium transferred by Anopheles mosquito

A

Sporozoites

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9
Q

After entrance to the body, where are the sporozoites carried to by the peripheral blood?

A

Parenchymal cells of the liver

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10
Q

Asexual multiplication

A

Schizogony

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11
Q

Where does schizogony occur?

A

Parenchymal cells of the liver

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12
Q

Type of reproduction outside the RBCs

A

Exoerythrocytic cycle

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13
Q

Type of reproduction involving RBCs

A

Erythrocytic cycle

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14
Q

Phase of plasmodia where they feed on hemoglobin and pass through their 6 morphologic forms

A

Asexual phase

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15
Q

Dormant Plasmodium-infected liver cells

A

Hypnozoites/Cryptozoites

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16
Q

2 plasmodia that may exhibit hypnozoites

A
  • Plasmodium vivax

- Plasmodium ovale

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17
Q

A relapse infection of malaria

A

Recrudescence

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18
Q

Place where the sexual phase of plasmodia occur

A

Stomach of mosquito

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19
Q

Forms when the male and female plasmodia gametocytes unite in the stomach of the mosquito

A

Ookinete (zygote)

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20
Q

An encysted zygote (ookinete)

A

Oocyst

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21
Q

Type of malaria that occurs when uninfected patients recieve blood tainted with malaria collected from an infected donor

A

Transfusion malaria

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22
Q

Type of malaria that is spread through the sharing of needles and syringes

A

Mainline malaria

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23
Q

Type of malaria that results from the passing of the parasite from mother to child

A

Congenital malaria

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24
Stain of choice for peripheral blood films for laboratory diagnosis of malaria
Giemsa
25
Type of blood smear for screening slides
Thick blood smears
26
Type of blood smear for differentiating Plasmodium spp.
Thin blood smears
27
2 Plasmodium spp. that may infect an individual at the same time
- P. vivax | - P. falciparum
28
Best time to collect blood for Plasmodium parasites
During paroxysms
29
Methodology that helps to rule out malaria in patients suffering from a fever of unknown origin
Serologic testing
30
Methodology that can confirm malarial speciation but is usually not necessary
PCR
31
An allergic reaction of the body to the development of the schizonts and to the circulating parasitic antigens A periodic episode characterized by fever, chills, sweating and fatigue
Paroxysms
32
3 characteristics of paroxysm
- Chills (rigor/cold stage) - fever (hot stage) - profuse sweating
33
Phylum of Plasmodium
Apicomplexia
34
Class of Plasmodium
Aconoidasida
35
Order of Plasmodium
Haemosporida
36
Infective stage of the Plasmodium to the RBCs
Merozoites
37
Infective stage of Plasmodium to the definitive host
Gametocyte
38
The definitive host of plasmodium
Mosquito
39
Intermediate host of Plasmodium
Humans
40
Disease caused by P. vivax
Benign tertian malaria/Vivax malaria
41
A remnant of the parasite feeding on RBC hemoglobin visible as a brown pigment
Hemozoin
42
Plasmodium spp. where hemozoin is present
P. vivax
43
How many merozoites are there in P. vivax mature schizonts?
12-24
44
Appearance of RBCs infected by P. vivax
Enlarged
45
Granules in the cytoplasm of P. vivax
Schüffner's dots (Eosinophilic stippling)
46
Type of RBCs that P. vivax will infect
Young RBCs
47
Most widely distributed malarial organism
P. vivax
48
How often does paroxysms occur with P. vivax? Length of asexual cycle in humans
Every 48 hrs
49
Disease caused by Plasmodium ovale
Benign tertian malaria
50
Granules in the cytoplasm of P. ovale
Jame's dots
51
Number of merozoites in the mature schizonts of P. ovale
4-8
52
Type of RBCs that P. ovale infects
Young RBCs
53
3 places where P. ovale is primarily found
- Tropical africa - Asia - South America
54
How often does paroxysms occur with P. ovale?
Every 48 hours
55
Disease associated with Plasmodium malariae
Quartan malaria/Malarial malaria
56
Plasmodium spp. with a band formation in the developing trophozoite
P. malariae
57
Stage of P. malariae with band formation
Developing trophozoite
58
Number of merozoites in P. malariae mature schizonts
6-10
59
Plasmodium spp. with merozoites in the mature schizonts that are arranged strategically (flower arrangement/daisy head arrangement/rosette formation)
P. malariae
60
Type of RBCs that P. malariae infects
Mature/old RBCs
61
Dustlike dots found in the cytoplasm of P. malariae
Ziemann's dots
62
Shape of RBCs infected with P. malariae
Normal
63
How often does paroxysm occur with P. malariae?
Every 72 hours
64
Morphologic form of P. malariae that is not typically seen
Ring form
65
How often does paroxysms occur with P. falciparum?
36-48 hours
66
Disease caused by P. falciparum
Subtertian malaria; Malignant tertian malaria; Estivo-autumnal malaria
67
Where does schizogony occur?
In intermediate host (humans)
68
Where does sporogony occur?
In definitive hosts (mosquitos)
69
2 Plasmodium spp. that does not ellicit changes to the RBC size; infected RBCs are normal in size
- P. falciparum | - P. malariae
70
2 Plasmodium spp. that causes infected RBCs to be enlarged
- P. vivax | - P. ovale
71
Characteristics of the P. falciparum macrogametocyte chromatin
Compact
72
Characteristics of the P. falciparum microgametocyte chromatin
Diffuse
73
Plasmodium spp. with a headphone configuration on its ring form
P. falciparum
74
Type of RBCs that P. falciparum infect
RBCs at any age
75
Cytoplasmic dots in P. falciparum
Maurer's dots

Parasitology (6 decks)

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