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Parasitology > Ch. 6 - Plasmodium > Flashcards

Ch. 6 - Plasmodium Flashcards

0
Q

6 stages of the life cycle of Plasmodium spp.

A
  • ring forms (early trophozoite)
  • developing trophozoites
  • immature schizonts
  • mature schizonts
  • microgametocytes
  • macrogametocytes
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1
Q

Parasites with no obvious structures for the purpose of motility

A

Sporozoa

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2
Q

Stage of Plasmodium parasites following invasion into a previously healthy RBC

A

Ring form (early trophozoite)

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3
Q

Stage of Plasmodium where there is an emergence of the fully developed asexual sporozoa trophozoite

A

Mature schizont

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4
Q

Fully developed stage of the asexual sporozoa trophozoite

A

Merozoites

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5
Q

General shape of microgametocyte

A

Roundish

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6
Q

General shape of macrogametocytes

A

Round to oval

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7
Q

Mosquito genus responsible for the transmission of malaria to humans via blood meal

A

Anopheles

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8
Q

Infective stage of plasmodium transferred by Anopheles mosquito

A

Sporozoites

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9
Q

After entrance to the body, where are the sporozoites carried to by the peripheral blood?

A

Parenchymal cells of the liver

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10
Q

Asexual multiplication

A

Schizogony

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11
Q

Where does schizogony occur?

A

Parenchymal cells of the liver

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12
Q

Type of reproduction outside the RBCs

A

Exoerythrocytic cycle

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13
Q

Type of reproduction involving RBCs

A

Erythrocytic cycle

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14
Q

Phase of plasmodia where they feed on hemoglobin and pass through their 6 morphologic forms

A

Asexual phase

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15
Q

Dormant Plasmodium-infected liver cells

A

Hypnozoites/Cryptozoites

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16
Q

2 plasmodia that may exhibit hypnozoites

A
  • Plasmodium vivax

- Plasmodium ovale

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17
Q

A relapse infection of malaria

A

Recrudescence

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18
Q

Place where the sexual phase of plasmodia occur

A

Stomach of mosquito

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19
Q

Forms when the male and female plasmodia gametocytes unite in the stomach of the mosquito

A

Ookinete (zygote)

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20
Q

An encysted zygote (ookinete)

A

Oocyst

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21
Q

Type of malaria that occurs when uninfected patients recieve blood tainted with malaria collected from an infected donor

A

Transfusion malaria

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22
Q

Type of malaria that is spread through the sharing of needles and syringes

A

Mainline malaria

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23
Q

Type of malaria that results from the passing of the parasite from mother to child

A

Congenital malaria

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24
Q

Stain of choice for peripheral blood films for laboratory diagnosis of malaria

A

Giemsa

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25
Q

Type of blood smear for screening slides

A

Thick blood smears

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26
Q

Type of blood smear for differentiating Plasmodium spp.

A

Thin blood smears

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27
Q

2 Plasmodium spp. that may infect an individual at the same time

A
  • P. vivax

- P. falciparum

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28
Q

Best time to collect blood for Plasmodium parasites

A

During paroxysms

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29
Q

Methodology that helps to rule out malaria in patients suffering from a fever of unknown origin

A

Serologic testing

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30
Q

Methodology that can confirm malarial speciation but is usually not necessary

A

PCR

31
Q

An allergic reaction of the body to the development of the schizonts and to the circulating parasitic antigens

A periodic episode characterized by fever, chills, sweating and fatigue

A

Paroxysms

32
Q

3 characteristics of paroxysm

A
  • Chills (rigor/cold stage)
  • fever (hot stage)
  • profuse sweating
33
Q

Phylum of Plasmodium

A

Apicomplexia

34
Q

Class of Plasmodium

A

Aconoidasida

35
Q

Order of Plasmodium

A

Haemosporida

36
Q

Infective stage of the Plasmodium to the RBCs

A

Merozoites

37
Q

Infective stage of Plasmodium to the definitive host

A

Gametocyte

38
Q

The definitive host of plasmodium

A

Mosquito

39
Q

Intermediate host of Plasmodium

A

Humans

40
Q

Disease caused by P. vivax

A

Benign tertian malaria/Vivax malaria

41
Q

A remnant of the parasite feeding on RBC hemoglobin visible as a brown pigment

A

Hemozoin

42
Q

Plasmodium spp. where hemozoin is present

A

P. vivax

43
Q

How many merozoites are there in P. vivax mature schizonts?

A

12-24

44
Q

Appearance of RBCs infected by P. vivax

A

Enlarged

45
Q

Granules in the cytoplasm of P. vivax

A

Schüffner’s dots (Eosinophilic stippling)

46
Q

Type of RBCs that P. vivax will infect

A

Young RBCs

47
Q

Most widely distributed malarial organism

A

P. vivax

48
Q

How often does paroxysms occur with P. vivax?

Length of asexual cycle in humans

A

Every 48 hrs

49
Q

Disease caused by Plasmodium ovale

A

Benign tertian malaria

50
Q

Granules in the cytoplasm of P. ovale

A

Jame’s dots

51
Q

Number of merozoites in the mature schizonts of P. ovale

A

4-8

52
Q

Type of RBCs that P. ovale infects

A

Young RBCs

53
Q

3 places where P. ovale is primarily found

A
  • Tropical africa
  • Asia
  • South America
54
Q

How often does paroxysms occur with P. ovale?

A

Every 48 hours

55
Q

Disease associated with Plasmodium malariae

A

Quartan malaria/Malarial malaria

56
Q

Plasmodium spp. with a band formation in the developing trophozoite

A

P. malariae

57
Q

Stage of P. malariae with band formation

A

Developing trophozoite

58
Q

Number of merozoites in P. malariae mature schizonts

A

6-10

59
Q

Plasmodium spp. with merozoites in the mature schizonts that are arranged strategically (flower arrangement/daisy head arrangement/rosette formation)

A

P. malariae

60
Q

Type of RBCs that P. malariae infects

A

Mature/old RBCs

61
Q

Dustlike dots found in the cytoplasm of P. malariae

A

Ziemann’s dots

62
Q

Shape of RBCs infected with P. malariae

A

Normal

63
Q

How often does paroxysm occur with P. malariae?

A

Every 72 hours

64
Q

Morphologic form of P. malariae that is not typically seen

A

Ring form

65
Q

How often does paroxysms occur with P. falciparum?

A

36-48 hours

66
Q

Disease caused by P. falciparum

A

Subtertian malaria; Malignant tertian malaria; Estivo-autumnal malaria

67
Q

Where does schizogony occur?

A

In intermediate host (humans)

68
Q

Where does sporogony occur?

A

In definitive hosts (mosquitos)

69
Q

2 Plasmodium spp. that does not ellicit changes to the RBC size; infected RBCs are normal in size

A
  • P. falciparum

- P. malariae

70
Q

2 Plasmodium spp. that causes infected RBCs to be enlarged

A
  • P. vivax

- P. ovale

71
Q

Characteristics of the P. falciparum macrogametocyte chromatin

A

Compact

72
Q

Characteristics of the P. falciparum microgametocyte chromatin

A

Diffuse

73
Q

Plasmodium spp. with a headphone configuration on its ring form

A

P. falciparum

74
Q

Type of RBCs that P. falciparum infect

A

RBCs at any age

75
Q

Cytoplasmic dots in P. falciparum

A

Maurer’s dots

Parasitology (6 decks)

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