Ch 8 Terms Flashcards
Define anticipatory contrast
The process whereby the rate of response varies inversely with an upcoming (“anticipated”) change in the rate of reinforcement
Define behavioral contrast
A change in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces an opposite change in the rate of response on another component
What is differential reinforcement of other behavior
Reinforcement of any behavior other than a target behavior that is being extinguished
Define Discrimination Training
As applied to operant conditioning, the differential reinforcement of responding in the presence of one stimulus and not another.
What is a discrimination training procedure that minimizes the number of errors and reduces many of the adverse effects associated with discrimination training.
Errorless Discrimination Training
Define Extinction
The non reinforcement of a previously reinforced response, the result of which is a decrease in the strength of that response.
Define extinction burst
A temporary increase in the frequency and intensity of responding when extinction is first implemented
Define fading
The process of gradually alternating the intensity of stimulus
What is a graphic description of the strength of responding in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the SD and vary along a continuum
Generalization gradient
Define multiple schedule
A complex schedule consisting of two or more independent schedules presented in sequence, each resulting in reinforcement and each having a distinctive SD.
What is the process whereby an increase in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces a decrease in the rate of response on the other component.
Negative Contrast Effect
Name the process whereby behavior that has been maintained on an intermittent (partial) schedule of reinforcement extinguishes more slowly than behavior that has been maintained on a continuous schedule.
Partial Reinforcement Effect
Peak Shift Effect
Following discrimination training, the peak of a generalization gradient will shift from the SD to a stimulus that is further removed from the S-delta.
What is the positive contrast effect?
The process whereby a decrease in rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces an increase in their rate of response on the other component.
Name the extent to which responding persists after an extinction procedure has been implemented
Resistance to Extinction
What is resurgence?
The reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had once been effective in obtaining reinforcement.
Define Spontaneous Recovery
The reappearance of an extinguished response following a rest period after extinction.
Define Stimulus Control
A situation in which the presence of a discriminative stimulus reliably affects the probability of a behavior.
In operant conditioning, what is the tendency for an operant response to be emitted more in the presence of one stimulus than another
Stimulus Discrimination
Define Stimulus Generalization
In operant conditioning, the tendency for an operant response to be emitted in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to an SD.
