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Nutrition > Ch. 8 Quiz Minerals and Water > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Quiz Minerals and Water Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following makes up about 60 percent of an adult’s body weight?

Major minerals
Protein
Water
Trace minerals
Gastrointestinal tract

A

Water

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2
Q

The first sign of dehydration is:

A

thirst

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3
Q

Water excretion is regulated by the brain and the:

A

kidneys

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4
Q

Which agency is responsible for maintaining the safety standards of bottled water in the United States?

FDA
EPA
NHANES
WHO
USDA

A

FDA

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5
Q

Which of the following statements is true about groundwater as a source of drinking water?

It comes from deep, protected underground aquifers.
It is protected from industrial contaminants.
It is the purest form of water.
It is not available for domestic purposes.
It comes from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs.

A

It comes from deep, protected underground aquifers.

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6
Q

What is the most abundant mineral in the body?

A

calcium

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7
Q

A person’s ability to absorb calcium varies based on:

A

age or life stages

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8
Q

For men and women in the 19- to 50-year age range, the calcium DRI is _____ mg.

A

1,000

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9
Q

The chief ion used to maintain the volume of fluid outside cells is:

A

sodium

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10
Q

The principal food source of chloride is:

A

salt

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11
Q

Sulfate is adequate in a diet that is rich in _____.

A

protein

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12
Q

Which of the following substances inhibits iron absorption?

Heme
MFP factor
Vitamin C
Phytic acid
Sodium

A

phytic acid

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13
Q

hat is the DRI of iron for men and women over 51 years of age?

A

8 mg/day

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14
Q

Which of the following food sources provides the highest amount of zinc?

Legume
Whole-grain bread
Shellfish
Spinach
Orange

A

shellfish

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15
Q

Which of the following food sources provides the least amount of zinc?

Meat
Eggs
Legumes
Shellfish
Milk

A

legumes

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16
Q

High doses of zinc inhibit _____.

A

iron absorption

17
Q

The best way to prevent calcium deficiency is to:

A

consume an adequate amount of milk, cheese, and yogurt

18
Q

Water loss can be expressed as a percentage of body weight. If a 150-pound person loses 3 pounds of body fluids, what percentage of body weight has he lost?

A

two percent

19
Q

A friend of yours is planning to purchase a water softener. What is the most appropriate advice that you can give to your friend?

A

Soft water appears to aggravate hypertension, which is undesirable.

20
Q

Which of the following statements is true of bottled water?

Bottled water is packaged spring water that is naturally pure.
Bottled water is filtered by the manufacturer to remove minerals.
Bottled water is flavored tap water.
Bottled water is treated and packaged tap water.
Using bottled water is a sound environmental decision.

A

Bottled water is treated and packaged tap water.

21
Q

Magnesium and calcium work together to:

A

regulate the contraction and relaxation of muscles

22
Q

A person consumes 1000 mg of sodium from preservatives in processed foods along with an additional 2000 mg of salt. Does the sodium intake of the person fall within the limits established by the DRI committee?

A

Yes, the sodium intake of 1800 mg falls within the UL.

23
Q

How does a DASH diet effectively reduce blood sodium levels and blood pressure?

A

By increasing the intake of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables

24
Q

Your best friend complains that she is tired all the time and has a problem concentrating. In addition, she craves for ice. Based on her symptoms, which mineral deficiency does she have?

A

She has an iron deficiency.

25
Q

Which of the following is a nonmodifiable risk factor for osteoporosis?

Low body weight
Sedentary lifestyle
Cigarette smoking
Female gender
Caffeine intake

A

female gender

26
Q

All of the following are key vitamins considered to be part of the “team” that works together to support bone health except:

vitamin K
vitamin D
vitamin B
vitamin A
vitamin C

A

vitamin B

27
Q

All of the following are key minerals considered to be part of the “team” that works together to support bone health except:

magnesium
sodium
calcium
phosphorous

A

sodium

28
Q

Which of the following is the preferred fuel for the functioning of the brain and nerves?

Proteins
Ketones
Carbohydrates
Fats
Fibers

A

carbohydrates

29
Q

Sugar alcohols are also called _____.

A

polyols

30
Q

Which of the following is not a function of essential fatty acids?

They provide raw materials for the synthesis of trans fat in the body.
They serve as structural and functional parts of cell membranes.
They contribute lipids to the brain and nerves.
They help maintain the health of the skin.
They participate in the functions of immune cells.

A

They provide raw materials for the synthesis of trans fat in the body.

31
Q

The major storage form of lipids in the body is:

A

triglycerides, which are made up of fatty acids and glycerol

Nutrition (12 decks)

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