ch. 6 Quiz Proteins

Question 1

There are _____ essential amino acids.

Answer 1

9

Question 2

If amino acids are oversupplied, _____.

Answer 2

the body removes and excretes their amine groups

Question 3

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Proline
Tyrosine
Aspartic acid
Lysine
Alanine

Answer 3

Lysine

Question 4

In sickle-cell disease, which of the following amino acids replaces glutamic acid in hemoglobin?

Glycine
Tyrosine
Serine
Valine
Lysine

Answer 4

Valine

Question 5

Which of the following is a nonessential amino acid?

Methionine
Valine
Leucine
Histidine
Serine

Answer 5

Serine

Question 6

In making recommendations for protein intake, the DRI committee took into consideration that the protein in a normal diet would be:

Answer 6

a combination of animal and plant sources

Question 7

Which of the following is a result of a dietary protein deficiency?

Conversion of fat into amino acids
Increased bowel movement
Impaired kidney function
Fluid accumulation in the brain
Increased acid in the blood

Answer 7

Impaired kidney function

Question 8

The chief protein that is present in most connective tissues, including scars, ligaments, and tendons, is:

Answer 8

collagen

Question 9

Which of the following is not associated with an excess intake of protein?

Enlarged livers in humans
Enlarged kidneys in animals
Worsening of existing kidney problems
Weight gain with animal meat consumption
Increased risk of heart disease

Answer 9

Enlarged livers in humans

Question 10

Removing gluten from the diet has been shown to:

Answer 10

resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease

Question 11

Which of the following is abundantly found in animal proteins?

Vitamin B12
Thyroxine
Vitamin P
Vitamin C
Serotonin

Answer 11

Vitamin B12

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of insulin?

Insulin strands consist of bridges formed by the bonding of sulfur groups in cysteine molecules.
Insulin is an essential amino acid and should be consumed regularly through the diet.
A change in the amino acid sequence of insulin causes sickle-cell disease.
Insulin is a primary protein found in bones and ligaments.
Human insulin strands are made up of only one type of amino acid.

Answer 12

Insulin strands consist of bridges formed by the bonding of sulfur groups in cysteine molecules.

Question 13

Tim, who lost a significant amount of weight during an illness, is thinking about taking amino acid supplements to help him regain muscle mass. What advice would you give him?

Answer 13

Consume whole protein as it is better handled by the digestive system and will promote recovery.

Question 14

When considering the digestion and absorption of proteins, it is important to know that:

Answer 14

cells of the small intestine absorb different types of amino acids at separate absorption sites, which causes competition between similar amino acids at these absorption sites

Question 15

An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. Identify the correct statement about the effect of excess consumption of meat.

The body utilizes excess amino acids, leading to rapid muscle growth.
The body starts to dismantle its tissue proteins.
The excess protein causes muscle breakdown rather than building muscle tissue.
A diet high in protein does not provide sufficient energy required to support muscle growth.
The body utilizes excess amino acids as fuel or stores them as fat.

Answer 15

The body utilizes excess amino acids as fuel or stores them as fat.

Question 16

In times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrate or fat in foods, how does the body generate energy?

Answer 16

The amine group from the amino acids is removed and the remaining fragments are used for energy.

Question 17

Who among the following will have the highest protein DRI per unit of body weight?

A 28-year-old woman
A 6-year-old child
A 40-year-old man
A 34-year-old woman
A 28-year-old man

Answer 17

A 6-year-old child

Question 18

A 23-year-old male college student, who has a sedentary lifestyle, weighs 175 pounds. What is his DRI for protein?

Answer 18

64 grams/day

Question 19

How much protein does a woman who weighs 61 kilograms require every day?

Answer 19

49 grams

Question 20

Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer. What evidence is available to support her decision?

Answer 20

Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber, reducing the risk of heart disease.

Question 21

Compared to meat eaters, vegetarians tend to have:

Answer 21

healthier body weight

Question 22

Which of the following food sources can vegans use to obtain the required quantity of omega-3-fatty acids in their diets?

Mushrooms
Bok choy
Whole grains
Flaxseed
Milk

Answer 22

Flaxseed

Question 23

Which of the following is a characteristic of Daily Values?

They provide nutrient values for different categories of people.
They are ideal for comparisons among different packaged foods.
They provide nutrient intake goals for individuals.
They provide information on all nutrients.
They are calculated based on a 1,500-calorie diet.

Answer 23

They are ideal for comparisons among different packaged foods.

Question 24

According to the USDA Eating Patterns, one ounce of protein foods is equal to all of the following except:

1 oz. cooked fish
1 egg
1 tbs peanut butter
1 cup cooked legumes
½ oz nuts

Answer 24

1 cup cooked legumes

Question 25

The nervous system’s role in hunger regulation is coordinated by the:

Answer 25

brain

Question 26

Which of the following is a characteristic of glycogen?

It is stored for the body’s amino acid needs.
It is not released from the liver in any case.
It represents a three-day supply of glucose.
It helps sustain the body’s cellular activities.
It is stored in adipose cells.

Answer 26

It helps sustain the body’s cellular activities.

Question 27

When inputting foods into the Diet and Wellness Plus program, students are likely to choose different brands, different cuts of meat, different serving sizes, etc. Therefore, sharing or borrowing a classmates answers is not a a good idea.

True
False

Answer 27

True