ch. 3 Quiz The Remarkable Body Flashcards
Which of the following statements is true?
Each cell’s nucleus contains DNA.
Cells do not need nutrients for their growth.
Long strands of human DNA coil into 10 pairs of chromosomes.
Most genes contain instructions for making fat molecules.
All cells need a highly acidic environment to function.
Each cell’s nucleus contains DNA.
The first principle of diet planning is that the foods we choose must provide energy and the essential nutrients, such as:
water
Which types of cells normally replace themselves once every few years?
Muscle cells
Blood leaving the digestive system is routed directly to the _____.
liver
Which of the following pancreatic hormones lowers the blood glucose level?
Epinephrine
Insulin
Norepinephrine
Glucagon
Adrenaline
insulin
Hormones are secreted and released directly into the blood by organs known as _____.
glands
The nervous system’s role in hunger regulation is coordinated by the:
brain
Which of the following does not occur as part of the stress response?
The muscles tense up.
The liver pours forth glucose from its stores.
The digestive system speeds up.
The fat cells release fat.
The heart rate increases.
The digestive system speeds up.
Which of the following is the most acidic?
Vinegar
Orange juice
Gastric juice
Battery acid
Blood
Battery acid
Pancreatic juice has a pH value of _____.
8
Which of the following is a major function of the saliva secreted by the salivary glands?
It moistens and lubricates food.
It breaks down glucose into starch.
It helps maintain an alkaline environment in the mouth.
It splits protein fragments into free amino acids.
It helps absorb minerals from food.
It breaks down glucose into starch.
In cases of severe undernutrition, the small intestine will react by:
shrinking to a much smaller surface
Which of the following is a characteristic of glycogen?
It is stored for the body’s amino acid needs.
It is not released from the liver in any case.
It represents a three-day supply of glucose.
It helps sustain the body’s cellular activities.
It is stored in adipose cells.
It helps sustain the body’s cellular activities.
Without food to replenish it, the liver’s glycogen supply can be depleted within:
as few as 3–6 hours
The bones provide reserves of:
calcium
