Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CSW Study Guide > Ch. 8 Intro to the World Wine Industry > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Intro to the World Wine Industry Flashcards

1
Q

Global Vineyards in Europe

A

56% are in Europe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Wine Industry Consists of…

A

Producers (grape growers, wine makers)

Distributors (distributors, brokers, exporters, importers)

Retailers (shop owners, sommeliers, buyers, sales staff, restauranteurs, supermarkets, online retailers)

Allied business and individuals (equipment manufacturers, lab techs, wine writers, auction houses, plant nurseries, ad agencies, event planners, trade organizations, wine educators)

Consumers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

First Alcoholic Beverage to Incorporate Fermented Grapes

A

7000 BC

Jiahu, China

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Wine from Vinifera Grapes – First Appearance

A

Caucasus Mountains in Western Asia

Spread into Eastern Europe & Middle East

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

European Strongholds of Wine

A

Greece

Then Romans

Spread around the Mediterranean Sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Catholic Church

A

Continued wine growing after Roman empire fell

Religious purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The Renaissance

A

Winemaking grew and expanded beyond monestaries

Became major agricultural activity

Could be transported only to short distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Expansion of Ocean Travel

A

Sailors found that fortified wines survived voyages better than unfortified wines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Earliest New World Vineyards

A

Colonists brought Euro wines to the New World

Latin America – Spanish Catholic monasteries

19th Century – Expanded by other Euro immigrants

Argentina, Chile, & CA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Phylloxera

A

1860s

Root louse

Native to Eastern US

Brought inadvertently to Europe

Killed grapevines

First in France, then Europe, then rest of the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prohibition

A

1920

Outlawed wine production

Wine trade suffered

Repealed in 1933

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Traditional Heavyweights in Winemaking

A

Italy

France

Spain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Total Volume of Wine Produced Throughout the World in 2022

A

65% in Europe

10% in S. America

10% in N. America

6% in Asia

5% in Oceana

4% in Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Top Six Countries – Total Vineyard Acreage

A

China

Spain

France

Turkey

U.S.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Net Exporters of Wine

A

Australia & Chile

Produce more wine than they consume

Need to find markets in other countries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Wine Region Delineations

A

Political

Viticultural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Political Regions

A

Administrative districts of various sizes

Nations

States

Provinces

Counties

Towns

Communes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Viticultural Regions

A

Based on environmental features

Terroir

Traditional winemaking practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Appellations or Geographic Indications (GI)

A

Officially sanctioned wine regions

Agreements among governments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Smaller Appellations

A

Based on terroir

Uniform climate

Topography

Soil structure

Wines should conform to a certain standard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Larger Appellations

A

More variability in physical conditions

Less predictive of character of wines

22
Q

Protections of Official Appellations

A

Restrict use of a place name to the actual site – prevents other locations from profiting from the name or damaging reputation.

Put certain limitations on what producers in the designated region can do

23
Q

Appellations Outside of Europe

A

Less restrictive

Define boundaries of geographic place of origin

No restrictions on grape varieties or wine style

24
Q

Legally Defined Wine Regions – Australia

A

Geographical indication

25
Legally Defined Wine Regions – France
Appellation d’Origine Controlee
26
Legally Defined Wine Regions – Germany
Qualitztswein, Pradikatswein
27
Legally Defined Wine Regions – Greece
Onomasia Proelefseos Anoteras Poiotitos, Topikos Oinos
28
Legally Defined Wine Regions – Italy
Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita, Indicazione Geografica Tipica
29
Legally Defined Wine Regions – Portugal
Denominacao de Origem Controlada
30
Legally Defined Wine Regions – South Africa
Wine of Origin
31
Legally Defined Wine Regions – Spain
Denominacion de Origen, Vino de Pago
32
Legally Defined Wine Regions – U.S.
American Viticutural Area
33
European Union
Closest thing to multinational control over wine trade
34
EU Wine Laws
Three tiered structure of quality
35
EU Three Tiers
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Wine
36
EU Tier – PDO
Highest quality of tier Wine made entirely from grapes grown in clarly defined region after which they are made
37
PDO Parameters
Delimited boundaries Maximum yields Permitted grape varieties Defined viticultural practices Allowed enological practices Predominant analytical and organoleptic characteristics
38
EU Tier – PGI
Second tier of quality Produced from a registered region or specific place Typically larger and more heterogeneous
39
PGI Parameters
At least 85% or grapes must come from defined geographical area after which it’s named The wine must be produced in this geographical area Rules are less restrictive than PDO Don’t need to be typical of the region
40
PGI Wine Labeled with Varietal Name
Minimum of 85% of named variety
41
PGI Wine Labeled with Vineyard Name
100% of grapes harvested exclusively from named vineyard
42
EU Tier – Wine
Produced via general EU specifications
43
Wine Tier
Table wines w/o geographical indication more specific than a single country Grapes may be sourced from anywhere within a country or the EU 85% of a named variety or vintage – can be labeled with varietal name and vintage date
44
EU Wine Labelling Laws
Wines are required to state the wine’s category and it’s place of origin (as permitted)
45
Most important EU Labelling Requirements – Protected Place-Name Stated
Wine must be entirely from that region for PDO wines/85% for PGI
45
Most important EU Labelling Requirements – Vintage Date Stated
85% of the wine must be from that year
46
Most important EU Labelling Requirements – Single Grape Variety Stated
85% of wine must be from that variety
47
Most important EU Labelling Requirements – 2+ Grape Varieties Stated
100% of wine must be from those varieties Must be listed in descending order of content
48
EU Labelling Terms for Sparkling Wine
Quality Sparkling Wine Sparkling Wine Aerated Sparkling Wine
49
Quality Sparkling Wine EU Label
CO2 produced wholly by secondary fermentation in the bottle Subject to disgorgement A minimum of nine months aging on the lees
50
Sparkling Wine EU Label
Must contain minimum of 3 atm of pressure CO2 may come via first or second fermentation May not be injected
51
Aerated Sparkling Wine EU Label
Derived from addition of CO2

CSW Study Guide (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions