CH 8: Exercise Metabolism and Boienergetics

Question 1

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 1

High energy molecule that serves as the main form of energy for the human body; known as the energy source for the body.

Question 2

Bioenergetics

Answer 2

The study of energy in the human body

Question 3

Mstabolism

Answer 3

All of the chemical reactions that occur in the human body to maintain itself

Question 4

Exercise Metabolism

Answer 4

The examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiological changes and demands placed on the body during exercise

Question 5

Substrates

Answer 5

Intermediate forms of nutrients used in metabolic reactions to create adenosine triphosphate

Question 6

Essential Nutrients

Answer 6

nutrients that can not be converted in the body and must be consumed

Question 7

Gluclose

Answer 7

Simplest carbohydrate used for energy

Question 8

Glycogen

Answer 8

Stored glucose in the body ready for use

Question 9

Ventilatory Threshold1 (VT1)

Answer 9

The point in which the body uses equal parts fat and carbohydrates to fuel sources

Question 10

Ventilatory Threshold2 (VT2)

Answer 10

The point where glucose provides nearly all of the energy for the activity

Question 11

Free Fatty Acids

Answer 11

The byproduct of the breakdown of stored or consumed fats (triglycerides), metabolized exclusively via the aerobic pathway, which uses oxygen to create ATP

Question 12

Amino acids

Answer 12

Proteins - there are 9 essential and 11 that can be metabolized in the body

Question 13

Glucogenesis

Answer 13

Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources (proteins or fats)

Question 14

Ketone bodies

Answer 14

Water soluble molecules produced in the liver as a result of fatty acid oxidation. They then can be oxidized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

They consist of Acetone, Acetoacetic acid and Beta-hydroxybutric acid

Question 15

Mechanical work

Answer 15

The physical process that move the body and keep it alive, such as muscle contraction

Question 16

ATP-PC System

Answer 16

The first 10-15 seconds of high intensity energy use

Question 17

Anaerobic

Answer 17

Process relating to the absence of oxygen

Question 18

Aerobic

Answer 18

Process related to or involving the need for oxygen

Question 19

Glycolysis

Answer 19

Metabolic process that occurs in the cytosol of a cell that converts glucose into pyruvate and and ATP

Anaerobic Glycolysis refers to when this process occurs in the absence of oxygen

Question 20

Cori Cycle

Answer 20

ATP is used to convert lactate in the opposite direction back into pyruvate and subsequently glucose

Question 21

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 21

A series of reactions inside the mitochondria that uses oxygen to produce ATP

Question 22

Deamination

Answer 22

The breakdown of amino acids (proteins) into substrates that can be used for energy metabolism