Ch 8,9

Question 1

Which type of curve is used for most types of cancers?

Answer 1

A linear nonthreshold (LNT)

Question 2

The curve used for low level radiation(non cancer inducing) is

Answer 2

Linear-quadratic nonthreshold (LQNT)

Question 3

Late tissue reactions may be demonstrated on which type of curve?

Answer 3

Linear Threshokd (LT)

Question 4

Stochastic effects are what type of biologic damage?

Answer 4

Genetic mutations

Cancer

Question 5

Effects that have no threshold; they occur more months or years after exposure are called

Answer 5

Stochastic effects

Question 6

Biologic effects that occur soon after exposure of ionizing radiation are referred to as

Answer 6

Early effects

Question 7

Cell killing and are directly related to dose of radiation received

Answer 7

Somatic tissue reactions

Question 8

4 stages of ARS:

Answer 8

Prodromal, latent period, manifest illness, and recovery/death

Question 9

Lethal Dose of Gray

Answer 9

LD 50/30
Will Kill 50% of people in 30 days.
Estimated 3-4 gy w/out medical support

Question 10

90% of radiation induced damage may be repaired; ______ is irreparable.

Answer 10

10%

Question 11

Mapping of chromosomes

This is done at what phase??

Answer 11

Karyotyping

Metaphase

Question 12

Radiation doses of ____ will depress sperm and also delay menstruation

Answer 12

0.1 Gy

Question 13

A single dose of —

Answer 13

2 Gy

Question 14

The most radiosensitive follicles and least radiosensitive.

Answer 14

Intermediate

Small

Question 15

In th hematopoietic system, cells all develop from a single precursor : called

Answer 15

The pluripotential stem cell

Question 16

Study of cell genetics with emphasis on cell chromosomes

Answer 16

Cytogenetics

Question 17

Shedding of outer layer of skin

Hair loss also called alopecia

Answer 17

Desquamation

Epilation

Question 18

Skin diseases such as ringworm, used to be treated with irradiation the area with

Answer 18

Grenz rays (range from 10-20kvp)

Question 19

Hematopoietic occurs at which dose of grays?

And death will occur at what amount of time?

Answer 19

1-10gray

6-8 weeks

Question 20

Cerebrovascular syndrome occurs at what dose of gray??

How soon does d drug occur?

Answer 20

50gy or more
2-3hrs TO 2-3days
Causes fluid leakage in the brain

Question 21

GI syndrome occurs at what dose of gray??

A patient may die how soon after?

Answer 21

6-10Gy

3-10days

Question 22

Late tissue reactants are

Answer 22

Cataracts

Non random

Question 23

Stochastic effects are??

Answer 23

Genetic mutations

Cancer

Question 24

Somatic effects are:

Answer 24

Late tissue effects

Stochastic effects

Question 25

Repair and recovery of cells are ____% irreparable. And the cells that are _________ are easier to repair themselves but destroyed more.

Answer 25

10

Easier

Question 26

Early tissue reactions result in what? Within minutes, hours, days after exposure??

Answer 26

Cell death!

Question 27

Early tissue reactions is also known as??

Answer 27

Acute radiation syndrome (ARS)

Exposure of 6gy or more

Question 28

Atrophy is?

Answer 28

Organ shrinkage/cell death

Question 29

3 layers of skin

Answer 29

Epidermis (outer)
Dermis(middle)
Hypodermis (subcaneous)

Question 30

Skeletal abnormalities most frequently occur at how many weeks of conception?

Answer 30

3-20weeks

Question 31

Congenital abnormalities occurs at what conception?

Answer 31

10days to 12 weeks

Question 32

For humans the double dose is estimated to have a value of ;

Answer 32

1.56Sv

Question 33

Forecasts that a specific # of malignancies will occur as a result of over exposure

Answer 33

Absolute Risk model

Question 34

Predicts # of excess cancers will increase as natural incidence increases

Answer 34

Relative risk model

Question 35

A late tissue reaction that is not random?

Answer 35

Cataracts

Question 36

The gas that manatee through tiny gaps in the rocks that was a hazard for uranium mine workers?

Answer 36

Radon

Question 37

Group of female who provide strong evidence that ionizing radiation causes breastfeeding cancer?

Answer 37

Th female women of atomic bomb in Japan

Question 38

Genetic mutations at the molecular level?

Answer 38

Point mutations

Question 39

Mutations expressed in offspring ?

Mutations not expressed in generative?

Answer 39

Dominant mutations

Recessive mutations

Question 40

Production or origin of cancer

Answer 40

Carcinogenesis

Question 41

Measures ionizing radiation in causes mutations ?

Answer 41

Doubling dose

Question 42

Most radiation induced genetic mutations are

Answer 42

Recessive mutations

*Both parents need same genetic defects