Ch 8 Flashcards
What makes bone growth possible?
joints
What allows skeleton to change shape during birth?
joints
Synarthrotic:
immovable
Amphiarthrotic:
slightly moveable
Diarthrotic:
freely moveable
(fibrous joint) Syndesmosis: a sheet of dense connective tissue:
interosseous membrane
(fibrous joint) Syndesmosis: a bundle of dense connective tissue:
interosseous ligament
How do sutures connect bones?
thin layer of connective tissue
What are the 3 fibrous joints?
syndesmosis, suture, gomphosis
What are the 2 cartilaginous joints?
synchondrosis, symphysis
In synchondrosis how are bones united?
by hyaline cartilage
This is temporary and ossification converts this to a synostosis:
epiphyseal plate
In symphysis joints there are pads of what between bones?
fibrocartilage
What are symphysis joints covered by?
hyaline cartilage
What kind of joints are most joints?
synovial
What kind of movement are synovial joints classified as?
diarthrotic
Describe the structure of synovial joints.
articular cartilage
Joint capsules consist of 2 layers, the outer fibrous layer which is composed of?
ligaments
The other layer of joint capsules is the inner layer which is:
synovial membrane
What do synovial membranes secrete?
synovial fluid
Relatively fixed end of a skeletal muscles is called:
orgin
More moveable end of a skeletal muscle is called:
insertion
What kind of synovial joint is the shoulder joint?
ball and socket
Where is the shoulder joint located?
- head of humerus
- glenoid cavity of scapula
What kind of joint capsule does the shoulder joint have?
loose
Do shoulder joints have bursae?
yes
The hinge joint in the elbow is between:
trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna
The hinge joint in the elbow causes what kind of synovial joint movement?
flexion and extension
The plane joint in the elbow is between:
capitulum of humerus and fovea on head of radius
The plane joint in the elbow causes what kind of synovial joint movement?
pronation and supination
The hip joint has what kind of synovial joint?
ball and socket
Where is the hip joint located?
- head of femur
- acetabulum of hip bone
What kind of joint capsule does the hip joint have?
heavy
Medial and lateral condyles of distal end:
femur
Medial and lateral condyles of proximal end:
tibia
Articulates with anterior surface of femur:
patella
What is the knee joint cushioned by?
bursae
What separates the femur and tibia?
menisci
Tearing of connective tissue in joint, without bone dislocation:
sprain
Inflammation of a bursa, from overuse or stress:
bursitis
Inflammation, swelling, and pain in a joint:
arthritis
