Ch 8: 5.1.19 Weekly Quiz material

Question 1

a material with no electrical resistance

Answer 1

superconductor

Question 2

what type of material does not allow electricity to flow through it?

Answer 2

an insulating material

examples: rubber, plastic, wood

Question 3

what can be thought of as the “push” electroncs feel to move?

Answer 3

electric potential

note: similiar to the relationship between water pressure and the movement of water

Question 4

semiconducting materials can act as what in certain conditions, and act as what else in others?

Answer 4

conductor or insulator

example: graphite

Question 5

a current where electrons flow one way

Answer 5

direct current (DC)

example: anything that runs off a battery (cell phone, a car, etc)

Question 6

equation: Ohm’s law

Answer 6

electric potential (E, in volts [v]) is current (I, in amps [A]) times resistance (R, in ohms, [Ω])

Question 7

a circuit with only one path

Answer 7

series circuit

example: “old-style” xmas lights (one bulb goes out, they all go out)

Question 8

what are two drawbacks of using a superconductor?

Answer 8

• they must be very cold
• they are brittle (i.e., easy to break)

Question 9

equation: Coulomb’s law (electrical force)

Answer 9

electrical force is a constant (K) times abs. value of first charge times abs. value of second charge over center-to-center distance squared

note: the constant (K) = 9.0 x 10^9

Question 10

electrical potential energy per unit charge

in common parlance, “voltage”

Answer 10

electric potential

Question 11

“one jump” of electrons

Answer 11

static electricity

example: lightning

Question 12

___ can hurt you, but ___ can kill you.

Answer 12

voltage can hurt, but current can kill

Question 13

equation: power

Answer 13

power (Watts) is current (amps) times electric potential (volts)

Question 14

the continuous flow of electrons

Answer 14

curent electricity

examples: lights (once turned on); essentially anything that runs on electricity

Question 15

how do “new style” xmas lights work?

Answer 15

each bulb has a shunt resistor that acts as a bypass if the filament breaks

Question 16

what is one benefit of using a superconductor?

Answer 16

less material is needed

Question 17

the flow of electrons

Answer 17

electricity

Question 18

opposition to electric flow

Answer 18

resistance

Question 19

a circuit with more than one path

Answer 19

parallel circuit

example: how a house is wired (turn off lights in one room, they stay on in another, etc)

Question 20

the flow of electric charge over time

Answer 20

current

Question 21

what is an example of a series circuit?

Answer 21

“old style” xmas lights

again: one goes out, they all go out

Question 22

a current where electrons go back and forth

Answer 22

alternating current (AC)

examples: lights; essentially anything in a household with an on/off switch

Question 23

equation: current

Answer 23

current (I) is charge (q) over time (t)

units:

C/s (coulomb per second)

1 C/s = 1 A (amp)

Question 24

a circuit with no break in the path

Answer 24

closed circuit

Question 25

what type of material lets electricity easily flow through it?

Answer 25

a conducting material

example: metals

Question 26

a circuit with a break in the path

Answer 26

open circuit

Question 27

equations:

series circuit, R_total

parallel circuit, 1/R_total

Answer 27