Ch 8 Flashcards
What is the difference between and ARTICULATION DISORDER and a PHONOLOGICAL DISORDER?
ARTICULATION DISORDER is used when speech errors are tied to the MOTOR ASPECTS of speech production (the movement).
PHONOLOGICAL DISORDER is when speech errors reflect an individual’s ABILITY TO PROCESS THE SOUND SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE.
Which MANNERS of articulation appear first in typically developing children?
Which PLACES of articulation appear first?
Manner: Nasal & Stop consonants are acquired first.
Place: Labial (Bilabials) and Alveolar sounds are developed first “ma-ma”, “ba-ba”
Differences between SYLLABLE STRUCTURE PROCESSES, ASSIMILATORY PROCESSES, and SUBSTITUTION PROCESSES?
Syllable Structure Processes affect the PRODUCTION OF SYLLABLES so that they are SIMPLIFIED.
ASSIMILATORY PROCESSES involve the ALTERATION IN PHONEME production die to phonetic environment; involving LABIAL, ALVEOLAR, VELAR &/or VOICING.
Substitution Processes involve the REPLACEMENT OF ONES CLASS OF PHONEMES FOR ANTOHER.
STOPPING
stop/fricative or affricate
FRONTING
alveolar/palatal or velar
DEAFFRICATION
fricative/affricate
GLIDING
glide/liquid
VOCALIZATION
vowel/r, l or schwa or schwa-er
WEAK SYLLABLE DELETION
omission of an UNSTRESSED (weak) SYLLABLE either preceding or following a stressed syllable
CLUSTER REDUCTION
deletion/reduction of a consonant from a consonant cluster (adjacent consonants in same syllable)
ex. “play” to /peI/
FINAL CONSONANT DELETION
REDUCES A SYLLABLE to an OPEN SYLLABLE.
ex. “cat” to /kae/
REDUPLICATION
involves REPETITION of a syllable of a word.
ex. “mommy” to /mama/
LABIAL ASSIMILATION
NON-LABIAL phoneme is produced with a LABIAL PLACE OF ARTICULATION
ex. “bean” to /bim/
ALVEOLAR ASSIMILATION
NON-ALVEOLAR phoneme produced with a ALVEOLAR PLACE OF ARTICULATION.
ex. “moon” to /nun/
VELAR ASSIMILATION
NON-VELAR phoneme produced with a VELAR PLACE OF ARTICULATION.
ex. “cup” to /kuk/
PREVOCALIC VOICING
VOICING of a NORMALLY UNVOICED consonant.
ex. “pig” to /bIg/
DEVOICING
DEVOICING OF SYLLABLE-FINAL VOICED or at end of utterance
IDIOSYNCRATIC PHONOLOGICAL PROCESS
when there is a disordered phonology NOT typcially found in speech of a TYPICAL developing child (NOT TYPICAL).
EXAMPLES OF IDIOSYNCARATIC PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSES
1) GLOTTAL REPLACEMENT: substitution of a glottal stop for another consonant.
2) INITIAL CONSONANT DELETION: omission of a single consonant at the BEGINNING of a word.
3) BACKING: substitution of a VELAR STOP for a consonant usually produced more anterior (alveolar or palatal)
4) STOPS REPLACING a GLIDE: stop/glide
What is NON-LINEAR PHONOLOGY?
when analysis is done at MORE THAN ONE LEVEL (accent, stress, tempo, intonation, etc)
LABIALIZATION
LIP ROUNDING
DENTALIZATION
ALVEOLARS produced with a DENTAL instead of alveolar
VELARIZATION
/l/ an alveolar consonant, is produced in a VELAR region of the vocal tract (dark).
ex. “bagel”
