Ch 8. Flashcards
Matchy matchy
_______ are polyhydroxylated macromolecules that are the main energy source for biologic function
Carbohydrates
______ are macromolecules responsible for many essential biological functions including DNA replication, cell signaling, metabolic reactions, enzymatic reactions, and membrane transport
Proteins
____ are hydrophobic structures responsible for membrane structure and energy source
Lipids
_____ are macromolecules responsible for storage and transfer of genetic information
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrate classification:
Carbonyl Type:
1. Aldehyde=
2. Ketone=
Aldehyde = aldose
ketone = ketose
Carbohydrate classification:
Carbon number:
Three =
Four =
Five =
Six =
Three = triose
Four = tetrose
Five = pentose
Six = hexose
Carbohydrate classification:
Stereoisomer:
Right side =
Left side =
Right side = D-sugar
Left side = L-sugar
_____ Projections are open-form, while _____ projections are closed-form
Fischer; haworth
Is this D or L glucose?
D
Is this D or L glucose
L
Amino acids are made up of an ______ functional group, a _______ functional group, and a side chain (polar, nonpolar, acidic/basic)
amine; carboxylic acid
Stereoisomers for amino acids can be represented by-
Right side/dash =
Left side/wedge =
Right side/dash = D
Left side/wedge = L
2 amino acids
dipeptide
three amino acids
tripeptide
four amino acids
tetrapeptide
long, continuous unbranched peptide chain is called
polypeptide
Protein structure:
Primary structure is
sequence of amino acids
Protein structure:
Secondary structure is
the fixed arrangement of the polypeptide backbone
Protein structure:
Secondary structure can be ______ or ______
Alpha helix or beta sheet
Protein structure:
Tertiary structure is
the unique 3-D shape as a whole
Protein structure:
Quaternary structure is
arrangement of multiple subunits into a larger structure
Which protein structure is pictured?
A. Primary
B. Secondary (alpha helix or beta sheet)
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
C. Tertiary
Which protein structure is pictured?
A. Primary
B. Secondary (alpha helix or beta sheet)
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
D. Quaternary
Which protein structure is pictured?
A. Primary
B. Secondary (alpha helix or beta sheet)
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
B. Secondary - beta sheet
Which protein structure is pictured?
A. Primary
B. Secondary (alpha helix or beta sheet)
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
B. Secondary - alpha helix
Which protein structure is pictured?
A. Primary
B. Secondary (alpha helix or beta sheet)
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
A. Primary
The three main function areas of lipids are
- energy storage
- membrane structure
- Chemical signaling
Lipids are grouped together by structural type, what are they? (4)
- fatty acids
- glycerides
- non-glycerides
- complex
Nucleic acids consists of an _______ base, a _______ sugar, and a _______ group
Heteroaromatic
Ribose
Phosphate
