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CS 335 - Computer Networks > Ch. 7 - Wireless & Mobile Networks > Flashcards

Ch. 7 - Wireless & Mobile Networks Flashcards

1
Q

Mobility Challenge

A

Managing users changing network attachment points.

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2
Q

4G LTE vs. 5G Speed

A

4G LTE = 54 Mbps; 5G = 10 Gbps

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3
Q

Ad Hoc Mode

A

Nodes transmit directly without base stations.

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4
Q

Handoff

A

Mobile changes base station during active connection.

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5
Q

Single Hop Network

A

Direct connection from host to base station.

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6
Q

Multiple Hops Network

A

Host relays through several nodes to connect.

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7
Q

Wireless Network Taxonomy

A

Classifies networks by infrastructure and connectivity.

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8
Q

MANET

A

Mobile Ad hoc Network; self-configuring network of mobile devices.

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9
Q

VANET

A

Vehicular Ad hoc Network; network for vehicle communication.

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10
Q

Signal Attenuation

A

Reduction in signal strength as it travels.

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11
Q

Multipath Propagation

A

Signal reflection causing multiple arrival times.

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12
Q

Modulation Scheme Examples

A

QAM256/QAM16: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation with 256 or 16 levels; BPSK: Binary Phase Shift Keying; simplest modulation scheme.

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13
Q

Hidden Terminal Problem

A

Communication issue where nodes can’t detect each other.

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14
Q

CDMA

A

Code Division Multiple Access; multiple users share frequency.

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15
Q

Chipping Sequence

A

Unique code for each user in CDMA.

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16
Q

Inner Product

A

Mathematical operation used in encoding and decoding.

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17
Q

CSMA/CA

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance. Protocol to avoid collisions in wireless networks.

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18
Q

Access Point (AP)

A

Device allowing wireless devices to connect to a network.

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19
Q

Basic Service Set (BSS)

A

Group of wireless devices connected to an AP.

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20
Q

SSID

A

Service Set Identifier, name of a wireless network.

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21
Q

2 Methods for Discovering APs

A

Active Scanning: Host sends probe requests
Passive Scanning: Host listens for beacon frames

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22
Q

Collision Avoidance

A

Preventing simultaneous transmissions to avoid data loss.

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23
Q

Collision Detection

A

Difficulty sensing collisions due to signal fading.

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24
Q

RTS-CTS Exchange

A

Mechanism to prevent collisions during data transmission.

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25
Q

DIFS

A

Distributed Inter-Frame Space before transmission.

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26
Q

SIFS

A

Short Inter-Frame Space for ACK transmission.

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27
Q

Backoff Interval

A

Random time before retransmitting after collision.

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28
Q

Beacon Frame

A

Frame indicating AP presence and waiting messages.

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29
Q

Power Management

A

Node sleeps until next beacon frame arrives.

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30
Q

SNR

A

Signal-to-Noise Ratio affecting transmission quality.

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31
Q

BER

A

Bit Error Rate indicating transmission reliability.

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32
Q

Ad Hoc Network

A

Network without fixed infrastructure.

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33
Q

Bluetooth

A

Personal area network technology for short-range (11-30m indoors) communication.

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34
Q

Frame Control

A

Field indicating frame type in 802.11.

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35
Q

Piconet

A

A small network of Bluetooth devices.

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36
Q

Parked Mode

A

Clients conserve battery by sleeping.

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37
Q

Bootstrapping

A

Nodes self-assemble into a piconet.

38
Q

3GPP

A

3rd Generation Partnership Project; sets mobile standards.

39
Q

LTE

A

Long-Term Evolution; a 4G standard.

40
Q

Roaming

A

Using mobile service outside home network.

41
Q

Edge/Core Distinction

A

Different layers in network architecture.

42
Q

Interconnected to Wired Internet

A

Cellular networks connect to the global Internet.

43
Q

4G LTE

A

Fourth generation mobile communication technology.

44
Q

eNode-B

A

Base station in LTE networks managing radio resources.

45
Q

PDN Gateway (P-GW)

A

Gateway connecting mobile network to the internet.

46
Q

Serving Gateway (S-GW)

A

Data path element between mobile devices and internet.

47
Q

Mobility Management Entity (MME)

A

Handles device authentication and mobility management.

48
Q

Home Subscriber Service (HSS)

A

Stores subscriber information for mobile devices.

49
Q

User Equipment (UE)

A

Device used by the end user to access LTE.

50
Q

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

A

Card storing subscriber identity and authentication data.

51
Q

International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)

A

Unique identifier for a mobile subscriber.

52
Q

Radio Access Network (RAN)

A

Network providing radio access to mobile devices.

53
Q

All-IP Enhanced Packet Core (EPC)

A

Core network architecture for LTE, supporting all IP traffic.

54
Q

Cell

A

Coverage area managed by a base station.

55
Q

Tunneling

A

Encapsulation of data packets for secure transmission.

56
Q

GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)

A

Protocol for encapsulating data in LTE networks.

57
Q

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

A

Technique to minimize interference between frequency channels.

58
Q

Packet Data Convergence Protocol

A

Protocol for header compression and encryption in LTE.

59
Q

Medium Access Control (MAC)

A

Protocol managing access to the radio transmission medium.

60
Q

Radio Link Control (RLC)

A

Protocol ensuring reliable data transfer over radio links.

61
Q

Base Station (BS)

A

Transmits channel info and configurations to mobiles.

62
Q

Mobile Selection

A

Process of choosing a base station to associate with.

63
Q

Light Sleep Mode vs Deep Sleep Mode

A

Radio sleeps after 100s ms of inactivity (light) or 5-10 sec (deep).

64
Q

Cell Change in Deep Sleep

A

Re-establishing association when changing cells.

65
Q

Global Cellular Network

A

A network composed of interconnected IP networks.

66
Q

Home Subscriber Server (HSS)

A

Stores user identification and service information.

67
Q

Inter-carrier IPX

A

Interconnection between different carrier networks.

68
Q

5G Goals

A

10x bitrate increase, 10x latency decrease, 100x capacity.

69
Q

5G NR (New Radio)

A

5G technology with millimeter wave frequencies.

70
Q

MIMO

A

Multiple Input Multiple Output antenna technology.

71
Q

Pico-cells

A

Cells with diameters of 10-100 meters.

72
Q

Mobility Spectrum

A

Range of device movement across networks.

73
Q

Indirect Routing

A

Communication routed through home network to mobile.

74
Q

Direct Routing

A

Correspondent sends data directly to mobile’s foreign address.

75
Q

NAT IP

A

Network Address Translation IP for private networks.

76
Q

Triangle Routing

A

Inefficient routing when correspondent and mobile are co-located.

77
Q

Visited Mobility Manager

A

Registers mobile’s location with home HSS.

78
Q

Home Network vs. Visited Network

A

Home: User’s primary network, retains permanent IP.; Visited: Temporary network where mobile connects, uses NAT IP.

79
Q

IMSI

A

International Mobile Subscriber Identity, unique user identifier.

80
Q

Care-of Address

A

Temporary address used while roaming in visited networks.

81
Q

Mobile IP

A

Protocol allowing mobile devices to maintain IP address.

82
Q

Control-Plane Configuration

A

Setting up signaling paths for mobile devices.

83
Q

Data-Plane Configuration

A

Establishing data paths for mobile data traffic.

84
Q

Mobile Handover

A

Switching mobile device connection to a new base station.

85
Q

GTP

A

GPRS Tunneling Protocol for encapsulating mobile data.

86
Q

Handover Request

A

Message sent to initiate mobile handover process.

87
Q

Handover Acknowledgment

A

Response confirming successful handover to new base station.

88
Q

Streaming Server

A

Server providing continuous data streams to users.

89
Q

Bit Errors

A

Errors in data transmission due to noise or interference.

90
Q

Congestion Window

A

TCP parameter controlling data flow based on network capacity.

CS 335 - Computer Networks (7 decks)

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