ch 7 viral infections

Question 1

what viruses are considered Herpes viruses?

Answer 1

• Herpes simplex virus (HSV 1 and 2 and HHV 1 and 2)
• varicella zoster virus (VZV or HHV-3)
• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV or HHV 4)
• Cytomegalovirus (CMV or HHV-5)
• Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS or HHV-8)

Question 2

HSV-1

Answer 2

• approx 1/3 of individuals with HSC-1 antibodies occasionally shed viral particles, even without lesions being present
• only ultraviolet light exposure has been demonstrated unequivocally to induce lesions experimentally
• old age, UV light, stress, pregnancy, allergy, trauma, illness, menstruation, disease, malignancy, etc

Question 3

Herpes Labialis

Answer 3

• HSV-1

- prodromal symptoms 6-24 hours before lesions

Question 4

acute herpectic gingivostomatitis

Answer 4

• 6 months to 5 years with peak 2-3 years
• abrupt onset with cervical lymphadenopathy
• fever (103-105 F)
• nausea, anorexia, irritability
• mouth lesions

Question 5

• distinctive punched out erosions
• enlarged gingiva
• erythematous

Answer 5

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

Question 6

Primary compared to recurrent herpes infection

Answer 6

primary can occur anywhere, recurrent is only on bound down tissue to periosteum(?)

Question 7

herpes histology

Answer 7

• ballooning degeneration
• Tzanck cells
• giant cells (multinucleated)

Question 8

herpes type III

Answer 8

-vericella-zoster virus

Question 9

vericella-zoster virus

Answer 9

-chicken pox primary infection arise between 5-9
-90% population infectied by 15
10-21 day incubation
-rash begins on face and trunk
-each lesion rapidly progresses through stages of erythema, vesicle, pustule and hardened crust

Question 10

characteristic feature of herpes zoster

Answer 10

its unilateral

Question 11

when is vericella (chickenpox) contagious?

Answer 11

• from 2 days before exanthem until all lesions crust

- oral lesion may precede skin lesions

Question 12

who is vericella more severe in?

Answer 12

adults and household members secondarily infected

Question 13

Herpes Zoster (shingles)

Answer 13

• reactivation VZV; after initial infection transported up sensory nerves and establishes latency in dorsal spinal ganglion
• immunosuppression, tx with cytotoxic drugs, radiation, malignancies, old age, alcohol abuse and trauma

Question 14

herpes zoster….

Answer 14

……

Question 15

combination of cutaneous lesions of the external auditory canal and involvement of ipsilateral facial and auditory nerves

• facial paralysis, hearing defects and vertigo
• herpes zoster of face or external auditory canal

Answer 15

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

Question 16

Herpes type 4

Answer 16

Epstein-barr virus

Question 17

Infectious mononucleosis

Answer 17

• EBV (HH4)
• childhood exposure asymptomatic; symptomatic infections arise in young adults
• in US introduction to virus later with 50% college students no previous exposure (10-515% of unexposed/ yr infected)
• infection in adults higher risk of symptomatic infection

Question 18

two cancers associated with _____

• nasal pharyngeal carcinom
• burkins lymphoma

Answer 18

EBV