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Oral Pathology, Test #2 Blake > Ch 5 Bacterial infections > Flashcards

Ch 5 Bacterial infections Flashcards

1
Q
  • superficial skin infection
  • affects 2-6 year olds
  • close contact sports such as rugby regardless of age
A

Impetigo

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2
Q

what bacteria are associated with impetigo?

A
  • streptococcus pyogenes and staphlococcus aureus
  • non-bullous associated with group a
  • bullous SA
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3
Q

how is impetigo tranmitted?

A

direct contact with nasal carriers

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4
Q

treatment of impetigo

A
  • non-bullous form: topical mupirocin

- bullous form usually requires 1-week course of systemic antibiotics

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5
Q

tonsillar plug

A

usually come out on their own,

they are pretty common

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6
Q

what bacteria causes syphilis?

A

-Treponema Pallidum (sexually transmitted)

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7
Q

how is syphilis treated?

A

-easily treated with antibiotics (IM benzathine penicillin)

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8
Q

when is syphilis infectious?

A

can always be transmitted during pregnancy

-highly infectious only during first two stages

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9
Q

Chancre associated with…

A

Syphilis-primary

  • at point of intial exposure to spirochete: 10-90 days after exposure (external genitalia and anus-oral rare)
  • firm painless skin ulceration
  • may persist 4-6 weeks
  • regional lymphadenopathy
  • may go into secondary before the chancre is gone
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10
Q

secondary syphilis

A
  • 1-6 months after primary (common 6-8 weeks)
  • flu like symptoms
  • most contagious stage
  • MUCOUS PATCH
  • condyloma lata (rash becomes flat broad whitish in moist areas of body)
  • optic neuritis and interstitial keratitis
  • cutaneous rash
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11
Q

if a patient has a “mucous patch”

A

they have secondary syphilis

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12
Q

condyloma lata

A

associated with 2ndary syphilis,

-many flat broad whitish rash

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13
Q

latent-syphilis

A

serologic proof without signs or symptoms of disease
-early (less than 2 years after initial infection ) more contagious than late-single IM injection of long actng penicillin

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14
Q

tertiary syphilis

A
  • 1-10 years after initial infection

- leutic glossitis

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15
Q

neurologic syphilis

A

-tabes dorsalis-(locomotive ataxia) disorder of the spinal…not really going to be seen, they would have to be untreated

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16
Q

Gumma

A

necrosis, or hypersensitivity on palate

17
Q

congenital syphilis

A 
deformed face and eventual blindness
-miscarriages, premature births, stillbirths or death of newborns
-frontal bossing 
short maxilla
high arched palate
saddle nose
rhagades
18
Q 
-frontal bossing 
short maxilla
high arched palate
saddle nose
rhagades
A

congenital syphilis
rhianitis?
-circumoral furrows?

19
Q

hutchinsons triad

A 
hutchinsons teeth (screw driver incisors, mulberry molars
intersitial keratits
-eighth cranial nerve deafness?
20
Q

syphilis tests

A
  • treponema pallidum hemagglutination test (TPHA)

fluores. ..

21
Q

Tuskegee syphilis

A

600 black sharecropers, recruited for study
-not offered tx with salvarsan (arsenic drug)
lasted six months
-ended in 1972 (40 years) after 40 wives and 19 children infected

22
Q

what bacteria for Gonorrhea?

A

-Neisseria gonorrhoeae
-sexual contact
-cannot penetrate intact stratified squamous epithelium
-

23
Q

what other disease is asssociated with gonorrhea

A

Clamydia

24
Q

treatment for gonorrhea

A

at risk for other std

ceftria…

25
Q

mycobacterium tuberculosis causes

A

tuberculosis

  • infection (positive tb test, not infectious, but can progress to the disease) must be distinguished from the active disease
  • you will never have oral lesions before pulmonary manifestation
26
Q

tb transmission

A

airborne

  • only transmitted during active disease
  • Iv drug use
  • HIV/AIDS/immunocompromized
  • high risk congested areas
  • medically underserved
  • immunosuppresive drugs
  • health care workers serving high risk clients
27
Q

acid fast stain with TB

A

RED

28
Q

Noma

A

gangrenous disease leading to tissue destruction of the fac

  • caused by malnutrition and weak immune system -exact cause unknown
  • poor sanitation
  • dehydration
  • poor oral hygiene
  • malignancy, immunodeficiency
  • 80% mortality untreated
29
Q

prevention of Noma

A
  • awareness
  • poverty reduction
  • improved nutrition
30
Q

infection of filamentous branching, gram positive anaerobic bacteria

A

actinomycosis

-usually actinomyces israelii

31
Q

actinomycosis

A
  • actinomyces israelii
  • acute deep suppurative abscess
  • draining sinus tracts treats it
  • “sulfur granules” (hallmark)
32
Q

treatment of actinomycosis

A

antibiotic….

33
Q

“cat scratch disease”

A

common in children, lymph nodes swell

  • positive cat-scratch skin test
  • intracellular bacteria BARTONELLA HENSELAE
  • kittens are more likely to carry bacteria in blood and more likely to transmit disease
  • lymphadenopathy (but will often resolve before)
  • treat with antibiotics
34
Q

BA resembles

A

Karposi Sarcoma?

35
Q

what type of epithelium lines the sinuses?

A

ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar

36
Q

sinusitis

A

disease begins as a blockage of the osteomeatal complex that disrupts normal drainage
-sometimes referred to as: rhinosinusitis, since inflammation of the sinuses cannot occur without inflammation of the nose….

37
Q

Acute sinusitis

A
  • precipitated by URTI generally viral
  • fungal invasion secondary to diabetes, AIDS/transplant, antirejection drugs
  • in type I diabetes ketoacidosis causes S …
38
Q

chronic sinusitis

A

-multiple causes; allergies, environment….

…

Oral Pathology, Test #2 Blake (7 decks)

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