CH 7: Thigh, Hip & Groin

Question 1

What are the 3 muscles of the Hamstrings? (medial to lateral)

Answer 1

• Semimembranosus
• Semitendinosus
• Biceps Femoris (Long head, short head)

Question 2

What are the 4 muscles of the Quadriceps? (medial to lateral)

Answer 2

• Vastus medialis
• Rectus femoris
• Vastus intermedius (deep)
• Vastus lateralis

Question 3

What are the main muscles for abduction?

Answer 3

• Gluteus Maximus + Gluteus Medius
• Piriformis
• Sup. & Inf. Gemellus
• Quadratus femoris
• Obturator internus

Question 4

What are the main muscles for hip adduction?

Answer 4

• Adductor Longus
• Adductor Brevis
• Adductor Magnus
• Pectineus
• Gracilis

Question 5

Characteristics of a thigh contusion

Answer 5

• “Charlie Horse”.
• Most common side for a quad contusion is anteromedial thigh.
• Usually associated with greater tearing and internal hemorrhaging.
• MOI: direct blunt force trauma

Question 6

Characteristics of a quad strain

Answer 6

• Follows same guideline for muscle strain grading
• Could include a possible avulsion fracture on proximal ant. inf. iliac spine (common in youths)
• Rectus femoris is most visible as it is most superficial

Pain and weakness will occur in these areas
Active extension
Passive flexion
Resisted extension

Question 7

Characteristics of a hamstring strain

Answer 7

• Follows guideline for muscle strain grading
• Most frequently strained muscle in the body
• Can hear audible pop in 2nd or 3rd degree cases
• Inability to fully extend knee
• Common in sports that require instantaneous acceleration

Pain and weakness will occur in these areas:
Active knee flexion + hip extension (w/ fully extended knee)
Passive knee extension + hip flexion
Resisted knee flexion

Question 8

Characteristics of a groin strain

Answer 8

• Follows guideline for muscle strain grading
• Common in activities that require explosive movements/direction changes
• Sometimes can limit or disable ability to walk because of intense pain
• Often a result of a strength imbalance between adductors and abductors

Pain and weakness will occur in these areas:
Active hip adduction + hip internal rotation
Passive hip abduction + hip external rotation
Resisted hip adduction + hip internal rotation

Question 9

Characteristics for a Hip dislocation

Answer 9

MOI: Traumatic force exerted on long axis of femur
- Rarely occurs in sport
- Palpation will usually reveal displaced femoral head
These injuries are usually an emergency situation and are often coupled with soft tissue/neurological damage and fractures

Question 10

What is a Hip Pointer?

Answer 10

Contusion of the Iliac Crest with associated hematoma.
- Usually a result of blunt force trauma
- Aggravated by almost all torso motion, even coughing and breathing, because the Iliac crest is a common insertion point for many abdominal muscles
- Pain + discolouration will be immediate and extreme tenderness on palpation