Ch. 7 The Workforce Flashcards
Types of Workers
- Supervisory Personnel
- Professionals (entry-level to specialist)
- Skilled Workers
- Unskilled Workers
Individuals who have extensive formal education in a field and have acquired the knowledge and skills to make independent judgments and to function in that field with minimum supervision
- prefer participative, rather than autocratic, management
Professionals
A beginning position in a profession
Entry-level
Process of acquiring in-depth knowledge and skills in a narrow area of a profession
Specialization
Individuals with the authority to oversee and direct the work of subordinates as well as having responsibility for their own work
- Often professionals overseeing shifts or tasks. Need training and information to support position
Supervisors
Individuals who have special training or skills to perform a specific job
- requires >30 days to learn, requires judgement beyond unskilled level
- generally do not need to be micromanaged, but benefit from supervisor support
- cook, secretary, equipment repair, etc.
Skilled Workers
The act of providing intensive supervision by constantly checking and verifying progress
Micromanagement
Workers who bring no marketable skills to the job and are trained in the workplace to perform the required tasks
- Job tasks can be learned in the work setting in thirty days or less
- may resist participative management and prefer the autocratic management style
- foodservice workers, dishwashers, cashiers, etc.
Unskilled Workers
Employment Status (Major Classifications)
- Full time
- Part time
- Short hour
- Casual
(Terms vary from organization to organization and within different geographic regions)
Worker who is designated to work a certain number of hours each week which is considered by the employer as “full time”
- Typically, 40 hours each week (could be 37.5 hours)
- Typically, five 8-hour days (could be four 10-hour days)
Full-time Worker
Worker who works a predetermined number of hours each week (less than what the employer considers to be “full time”)
- 20-37 hours per week?
- May work more than the predetermined number of hours, but are only guaranteed that number of hours each week
Part-time Worker
Worker who works a predetermined number of hours each week, but that number is less than half time (20 hours per week)
- May work more than the predetermined number of hours, but are only guaranteed that number of hours each week
- Usually not entitled to benefits (health insurance, retirement programs)
Short-hour Worker
A worker who is not guaranteed a set number of hours per week is scheduled to work as needed
- Do not receive benefits
- Gain experience in their positions so that they become eligible for short-hour, part-time, or full-time positions as openings occur
- Per diem, Supplemental, etc
Casual Workers
Two employees share one full-time position
- Increased talents, skills, ideas
- Decreased communication, productivity, continuity. Benefits expense for employer.
Job-sharing
A newly-hired employee who has not yet demonstrated they can perform the job
- Given a set period of time (typically 60 or 90 days) to learn the job
Probationary Employee
Employees who know their work positions are not permanent
- Temporary and contact employees
Contingent Workers
Employees hired for a finite period of time
- e.g. to cover a leave of absence or when there is a transient need for more employees
Temporary Workers
A worker who is hired to complete a project
Contract Employee
Workers who expect to continue working in a job as long as their performance is adequate
Career Employee
An employee who is paid a set rate for each hour worked
- at least the minimum wage set by the government
Hourly (non-exempt) worker
An employee who is paid for doing a job, no matter how many hours they work
- typically higher wages than hourly employees
- not entitled to differential wages
- may be entitled to compensatory time off if they work overtime
- sometimes are “on-call” which requires that they be available during unscheduled hours if they are needed
- subject to burnout and attrition
Salaried (exempt) worker
The hourly rate of pay for workers who are paid by the hour
Base Rate
Changes to the base rate of pay which can be made for a variety of reasons:
- working overtime
- working on holidays
- performing exceptionally difficult work
- working in a different job classification
- additional payment made to employees who do not receive benefits
Differential Wages
A physical consequence of stress in the workplace that can result from working long hours, or being tired, dissatisfied, or angry with the work or work setting
Burnout
