Ch 7: Spectroscopy in Biosensing Flashcards
Q: What is spectroscopy?
A: The study of the interaction between light and matter.
Q: What is absorption spectroscopy?
A: A technique that measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample at specific wavelengths.
Q: Define fluorescence spectroscopy.
A: A technique that measures the emission of light by a sample after absorbing light.
Q: What is Raman spectroscopy?
A: A technique that measures inelastic scattering of light to provide molecular information.
Q: What is the Beer-Lambert law?
A: A law that relates absorbance to concentration and path length in a sample.
Q: What is the role of a monochromator in spectroscopy?
A: To isolate specific wavelengths of light for measurement.
Q: How are spectrophotometers used in biosensing?
A: To measure light absorption or transmission changes caused by biological interactions.
Q: What is a fluorescence lifetime?
A: The average time a molecule remains in an excited state before emitting a photon.
Q: Define quantum yield in fluorescence.
A: The efficiency of fluorescence, calculated as the ratio of emitted to absorbed photons.
Q: What is circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy?
A: A technique used to study the chiral properties of molecules.
Q: What are the applications of Raman spectroscopy?
A: Used in chemical analysis, materials science, and biomedical diagnostics.
Q: How does UV-Vis spectroscopy work?
A: It measures the absorption of ultraviolet or visible light by a sample.
Q: What is a cuvette in spectroscopy?
A: A small transparent container used to hold samples for light measurement.
Q: What is plasmon resonance?
A: The resonance of conduction electrons in nanoparticles induced by light, used in biosensing.
Q: How does IR spectroscopy help in biosensing?
A: By detecting molecular vibrations that indicate chemical bonds in samples.
Q: What is time-resolved spectroscopy?
A: A technique that studies dynamic processes by measuring changes over time.
Q: What is absorbance in spectroscopy?
A: The measure of light attenuation as it passes through a sample.
Q: Define emission spectroscopy.
A: A method that analyzes light emitted by excited atoms or molecules.
Q: What is resonance energy transfer?
A: A process where energy is transferred from one fluorophore to another.
Q: How are dyes used in biosensing?
A: As markers to enhance light absorption or fluorescence for detection.
Q: What is a spectrometer?
A: An instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the spectrum.
Q: What is photoluminescence?
A: Emission of light from a material after absorbing photons.
Q: How does SPR (surface plasmon resonance) spectroscopy work?
A: It detects changes in refractive index near a metal surface caused by molecular interactions.
Q: What is the difference between absorbance and transmittance?
A: Absorbance measures light absorbed; transmittance measures light passing through a sample.
Q: How is spectroscopy used in medical diagnostics?
A: For detecting biomarkers, monitoring drug delivery, and analyzing tissue composition.
