Ch 7 - Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Question 1

energy of a photon equation (change to an adjacent state)

Answer 1

E = hv = hc/λ
v = frequency
h = Planck’s constant
c = speed of light
λ = wavelength

Question 2

absorbtion

Answer 2

AKA excitation
positive ΔH
electron moves to outer orbit

Question 3

absorbtion

Answer 3

AKA excitation
positive ΔH
electron moves to outer orbit

Question 4

emission

Answer 4

AKA relaxation
negative ΔE
electron returns to lower orbit

Question 5

ΔE association with absorbtion/emission (energy difference between two levels)

Answer 5

ΔE = -2.18^-18(z^2/n^2final - z^2/n^2inital)
per atom/ photon

Question 6

ionization energy

Answer 6

energy to completely remove an electron
nfinal = infinity

Question 7

deBroglie wavelength

Answer 7

λ = h/mu
m = kg
u = m/s
object’s wavelength is inversely proportional to its mass

Question 8

principal quantum number (n)

Answer 8

positive integer that specifies the energy and relative size of an atomic orbital
approximate distance of electron from nucleus

Question 9

angular momentum quantum number (l)

Answer 9

integer from 0 to n-1 that is related to the shape of the orbital
0 = s
1 = p
2 = d
3 = f

Question 10

magnetic quantum number (ml)

Answer 10

integer from -l to l that specifies the orientation of atomic orbital
number of possible values = number of orbitals of that type in a subshell

Question 11

spin quantum number (ms)

Answer 11

spin of electron in orbital
-1/2 or 1/2

Question 12

energy is directly proportional to ___ and inversely proportional to ___

Answer 12

energy is directly proportional to frequency and inversely proportional to wavelength

Question 13

rydberg equation

Answer 13

wavelength of a line in H atom
1/λ = R(1/n1^2 - 1-/n2^2)
R = rydberg constant
n2 > n1

Question 14

what happens to the energy gap at higher n values

Answer 14

smaller energy gap at higher n values