CH 7: Planning Flashcards
Goal, management (top, middle and lower), goal-setting by management, planning process, strategic goals, functional (tactical) goals, operational goals, hierarchical approach, development of plans, management by objectives (MBO)
1
Q
What is the importance of planning?
A
- Give direction to the organisation
- Gets different functional areas to work together, and helps with coordination, cohesion and stability of the organisation.
- Forces the organisation to take a hard look into what the future holds.
2
Q
What the 5 benefits of planning?
A
- Provides direction
- Reduces the impact of change
- Promotes coordination
- Ensure cohesion
- Facilitates control
3
Q
What can be the cost of planning to an organisation?
A
- May create rigidity
- Consumes managements time
- Formal plans may replace intuition and creativity.
- Planning may cause delays to decision-making
4
Q
What characteristics should goals be when they are being set?
A
Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant Time-bound
5
Q
Explain what a goal is.
A
A goal is a desired future state that the organisation sets for itself over a fixed period of time.
6
Q
What is the term that describes a management technique where managers and employees jointly set goals.
A
Management by objectives (MBO)
7
Q
What are the steps in the Planning process.
A
- Goal setting
- Develop plans
- Implementation
- Reactive planning
8
Q
What level of management sets strategic or long term goals?
A
Top management
9
Q
Middle management usually sets which type of goal?
A
Tactical or functional goals
10
Q
Which level of management set operational or short-term goals?
A
Lower level management
