Ch 7 - Patient Assessment Flashcards
S in SAMPLE
Signs/Symptoms
A in SAMPLE
Allergies
M in SAMPLE
Medications (including drugs & alcohol)
P in SAMPLE
Past medical history
L in SAMPLE
Last meal
E in SAMPLE
Events prior
PERRL
Pupils Equal, Round an Reactive to Light
OPQRST
Pain assessment routine
DCAP-BTLS
Head-to-toe physical check
During secondary assessment for trauma
SAMPLE
History info from patient during secondary assessment
ABCDE
Airway Breathing Circulation Deformity Expose the injury
Primary assessment tasks
After size up. Assess then stabilize ABCDEs Provide airway Control bleeding Check LOR Call for additional resources
Secondary assessment tasks
DCAP-BTLS SAMPLE Vitals baseline Interventions Treat for shock C-Spine if needed Prepare for transport Reassess vitals (5 min)
Pulse location: Brachial
Arms near elbow
Pulse location: Carotid
Sides of neck
Pulse location: Femoral
Pelvic/Leg area
Pulse location: Radial
Wrist by hand
A and O questions
Name
Place
Time
Event
Scene Size Up
Scene Safety Standard precautions Introduce, ask permission to help Determine MOI/NOI/LOC Identify number of patients and LOR of each
O in OPQRST
Onset
P in OPQRST
Provocation
Q in OPQRST
Quality
R in OPQRST
Radiation
S in OPQRST
Severity
T in OPQRST
Time
MOI
mechanism of injury, the forces that acted on the body
NOI
nature of illness, medical issue
Hypoxia / Hypoxic
a body or region of that is deprived of adequate oxygen supply
Abrasion
rubbed or scraped area
Avulsion
tearing of soft tissue or tissue hanging like a flap
paresthesia
sensation of tingling or numbness
Contusion
a bruise or soft tissue injury
Distracting Injury
injury that directs the patient attention away from the exam being performed
Laceration
open soft tissue injury, a cut
AVPU
scale of patient alertness to external stimulus:
Alert - fully awake and can respond
Verbal - eyes not open but responds to voice commands
Pain - responds to painful stimuli
Unresponsive - does not respond to any stimulus
sign vs symptom
sign is objective finding that can be measured
symptom is subjective only felt by the patient
