Ch. 7 - Motor Vehicle Risk Flashcards
What are the major causative factors associated with motor vehicle fatalities?
Speeding, running red lights, distracted driving, fatigue, and impaired driving
Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system, causing drivers to misjudge capabilities. This includes the following effects:
- Reaction time
- Vision
- Tracking
- Concentration
- Comprehension
- Coordination
All 50 states and the District of Columbia have enacted what?
Per se laws, defining criminal penalties for driving with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at a minimum level (usually 0.08%)
Under what procedure are driving privileges are suspended before conviction when a driver fails or refuses to take a chemical test?
Administrative license suspension
What device is a breath analyzer that will prevent the engine from starting if the device detects a blood alcohol content above the legal limit?
An ignition interlock device
What age group has the greatest propensity for speeding?
Between the ages of 18 and 24
Who is 27-times more likely than automobile occupants to die in a crash, per vehicle mile traveled, and 9-times more likely to be injured?
Motorcyclists
Why are teenage drivers at a high crash risk?
Due to inexperience and immaturity; moreover, many young drivers are at increased risk because of deficiencies in a variety of psychomotor, perceptual, and cognitive skills. Some young drivers intentionally increase their risk of collision when they are motivated by thrill-seeking or compromised by peer pressure
Despite a moderate decline in mental, motor, optic, and auditory functions with aging, what group of drivers tend to drive safely?
Elderly drivers. However, some people fail to recognize declining abilities. Conditions such as dementia can make some drivers unable to evaluate their driving properly
Why do elderly drivers have an increased death rate from accidents?
Due to frailty
Research has shown that reaction time and driving ability are like those with blood alcohol levels meeting the threshold for driving while impaired due to what?
Distracted driving. A 1997 study found that drivers using hand-held cell phones have up to a four-fold risk of having an accident. Researchers confirmed cell phone users tune out visual and auditory cues needed for driving awareness
Why is aggressive driving increasing?
Due to increased traffic, increasing population densities, and longer commutes. People are pressed for time and slowed by congestion, which builds stress and results in more incidents of aggressive driving behavior. A 2006 survey of American Automobile Association members perceived aggressive and distracted drivers as a greater threat than drunk drivers. Aggressive driving violations can appear on the MVR as reckless or careless driving, depending on the jurisdiction
What citation occurs when the driver refuses to submit to testing of blood or urine for the presence of alcohol or drugs or testing by a breathalyzer?
Administrative per se
What violation also applies to drivers who refuse to submit to approved tests to determine intoxication?
Implied consent. Individuals who have a license to drive a motor vehicle are deemed to have given their consent to chemical testing of their blood or breath
What citation is targeted to drivers younger than the legal drinking age?
Zero tolerance law. This violation applies even if a minimal level of alcohol is detected in the blood stream. The zero-tolerance law requires license suspension for one year for any driver under age 21 with a BAC of 0.01% or more, as measured by a preliminary alcohol screening test. A suspension would also apply for a young driver who refuses or fails to complete the test
In the U.S., the primary cause of death for individuals between ages 5 to 24 is:
1. Suicide
2. Seizures
3. Diabetes
4. Motor vehicle accidents
- Motor vehicle accidents
All of the following statements regarding elderly drivers in the U.S. and Canada are correct EXCEPT:
1. They represent an increasing segment of the driving population
2. Many elderly people drive safely
3. They are more likely to die in an auto accident than are teenage drivers
4. Dementia in early stages should not impair driving significantly
- They are more likely to die in an auto accident than are teenage drivers
Older drivers have become a mortality risk concern because they are involved in more fatal car crashes per miles driven than any other age group EXCEPT teenagers
Underwriting tools that can be used to evaluate an individual’s driving record include which of the following?
A. Attending physician’s statement
B. Application
C. Personal history interview
A, B, and C are correct
Which of the following statements regarding a driving under the influence (DUI) offense are correct?
A. All offenders are required to use an ignition interlock device
B. A conviction can be removed following alcohol education classes
C. Driving privileges are suspended when a driver refuses to take a chemical test
B and C are correct
Which of the following disorders can affect driving ability?
A. Narcolepsy
B. Sleep apnea
C. Epilepsy
A, B, and C are correct
