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MSK > Ch 7 Lower Extremity A&P > Flashcards

Ch 7 Lower Extremity A&P Flashcards

1
Q

Bones that make up the pelvic girdle

A

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

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2
Q

Largest, most superior bone in the hip

Landmarks include ASIS & PSIS

A

Ilium

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3
Q

Lowest posterior part of the hip

“Sit Bone”

A

Ischium

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4
Q

Lower anterior bone of the hip

A

Pubis

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5
Q

Forms the socket for the head of the femur

A

Acetabulum

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6
Q

Obturator foramen is formed by articulation of:

A

Ischium and Pubis

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7
Q

Largest foramen in the body

A

Obturator foramen

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8
Q

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

A

Psoas major

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9
Q

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

A

Iliacus

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10
Q

Extends and rotates thigh laterally

Helps lock knee in extension

A

Gluteus maximus

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11
Q

Abducts and rotates thigh medially

A

Gluteus medias

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12
Q

Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint

Helps lock knee in extension

A

Tensor fascia latae

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13
Q

Adducts, rotates, and flexes thigh at hip joint

A

Adductor longus

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14
Q

Adducts, flexes, rotates, and extends thigh at the hip joint

A

Adductor magnus

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15
Q

External rotation of thigh laterally and abducts

A

Piriformis

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16
Q

Flexes and adducts thigh

A

Pectineus

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17
Q

Very large and heavy. Strongest bone in the body.

Head articulates with acetabulum

Articulates with patella and tibia at distal end

A

Femur

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18
Q

Projection from femur at the side of the hip

A

Greater trochanter

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19
Q

Develops in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

Provides leverage for the quadriceps muscle and protects the knee

A

Patella

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20
Q

Larger, medial, weight bearing bone of the lower leg

Forms medial malleolus at distal end

A

Tibia

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21
Q

Attachment site for the patella ligament

A

Tibial tuberosity

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22
Q

Non-weight bearing bone lateral to the tibia

Forms lateral malleolus at the distal end

A

Fibula

23
Q

Fibula attaches to the tibia via:

A

Interosseous membrane

24
Q

Extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Strengthens anterior surface of the knee

A

Patellar ligament

25
Q

Strengthens the medial aspect of the knee

A

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

26
Q

Strengthens the lateral aspect of the knee

A

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

27
Q

Extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to femur

Limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

A

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

28
Q

Extends anterior and medially from the tibia to the femur

Prevents posterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

A

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

29
Q

Fibrocartilage discs that fit between tibial and femoral condyles

Medial and lateral

Allow the bones to “fit” together more appropriately as they are irregular shape

A

Menisci

30
Q

Sac filled structures filled with fluid and reduce friction

  • Prepatellar
  • Pes anserine
  • Infrapatellar
  • Suprapatellar
A

Bursae

31
Q

Adducts and medially rotates thigh

Flexes leg at the knee

A

Gracilis

32
Q

Adducts the femur

A

Adductor magnus / Adductor longus / Pectineus

33
Q

Extends the knees

Flexes the hip

Located anterior to other quadriceps muscles

A

Rectus femoris

34
Q

Extends the knee

A

Vastus Lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

35
Q

Flexes the knee

Weakly flexes the hip

Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh

A

Sartorius

36
Q

Extends thigh at the hip

Flexes the leg at the knee joint

A

Biceps Femoris (hamstrings)

37
Q

Extends the thigh at the hip

Flexes leg at the knee

A

Semitendinosus

38
Q

Extends the thigh at the hip

Flexes leg at the knee

A

Semimembranosus

39
Q

Formed by distal end of tibia and fibula

Tibia forms the medial malleolus

Fibula forms the lateral malleolus

A

Ankle mortis

40
Q

Ankle has ___ bones

A

7

41
Q

Seven bones of the ankle

A

Large talus (ankle bone)

Calcaneus (Heel bone)

Cuboid (Lateral)

Navicular (Medial)

Cuneiforms (1-3, named medially to laterally)

42
Q

Sections of metatarsals and phalanges

A

Base, Body, Head

43
Q

Ligaments that make up the lateral ankle

A

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)

Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)

Posterior Talofibular ligament (PTFL)

44
Q

Ligaments that extends from talus to fibula

A

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)

Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

45
Q

Ligament that extends from calcaneus to fibula

A

Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)

46
Q

Ligaments of the medial ankle

A

Deltoid ligaments

47
Q

Four ligaments fused into one

Connects the tibia to the talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones

A

Deltoid ligaments

48
Q

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

A

Tibialis anterior

49
Q

Dorsiflexes and everts the foot

Extends the toes

A

Extensor digitorum longus

50
Q

Plantarflexes and everts foot

A

Fibularis longus

51
Q

Plantarflexes foot

Flexes leg at the knee

A

Gastrocnemius

52
Q

Plantarflexes the foot

A

Soleus

53
Q

Plantarflexes and inverts foot

A

Tibialis posterior

54
Q

Plantarflexes foot

Flexes toes

A

Flexor digitorum longus

MSK (14 decks)

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