Ch 7 Lower Extremity A&P

Question 1

Bones that make up the pelvic girdle

Answer 1

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

Question 2

Largest, most superior bone in the hip

Landmarks include ASIS & PSIS

Answer 2

Ilium

Question 3

Lowest posterior part of the hip

“Sit Bone”

Answer 3

Ischium

Question 4

Lower anterior bone of the hip

Answer 4

Pubis

Question 5

Forms the socket for the head of the femur

Answer 5

Acetabulum

Question 6

Obturator foramen is formed by articulation of:

Answer 6

Ischium and Pubis

Question 7

Largest foramen in the body

Answer 7

Obturator foramen

Question 8

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Answer 8

Psoas major

Question 9

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Answer 9

Iliacus

Question 10

Extends and rotates thigh laterally

Helps lock knee in extension

Answer 10

Gluteus maximus

Question 11

Abducts and rotates thigh medially

Answer 11

Gluteus medias

Question 12

Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint

Helps lock knee in extension

Answer 12

Tensor fascia latae

Question 13

Adducts, rotates, and flexes thigh at hip joint

Answer 13

Adductor longus

Question 14

Adducts, flexes, rotates, and extends thigh at the hip joint

Answer 14

Adductor magnus

Question 15

External rotation of thigh laterally and abducts

Answer 15

Piriformis

Question 16

Flexes and adducts thigh

Answer 16

Pectineus

Question 17

Very large and heavy. Strongest bone in the body.

Head articulates with acetabulum

Articulates with patella and tibia at distal end

Answer 17

Femur

Question 18

Projection from femur at the side of the hip

Answer 18

Greater trochanter

Question 19

Develops in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

Provides leverage for the quadriceps muscle and protects the knee

Answer 19

Patella

Question 20

Larger, medial, weight bearing bone of the lower leg

Forms medial malleolus at distal end

Answer 20

Tibia

Question 21

Attachment site for the patella ligament

Answer 21

Tibial tuberosity

Question 22

Non-weight bearing bone lateral to the tibia

Forms lateral malleolus at the distal end

Answer 22

Fibula

Question 23

Fibula attaches to the tibia via:

Answer 23

Interosseous membrane

Question 24

Extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Strengthens anterior surface of the knee

Answer 24

Patellar ligament

Question 25

Strengthens the medial aspect of the knee

Answer 25

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

Question 26

Strengthens the lateral aspect of the knee

Answer 26

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

Question 27

Extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to femur Limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

Answer 27

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

Question 28

Extends anterior and medially from the tibia to the femur Prevents posterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

Answer 28

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

Question 29

Fibrocartilage discs that fit between tibial and femoral condyles Medial and lateral Allow the bones to "fit" together more appropriately as they are irregular shape

Answer 29

Menisci

Question 30

Sac filled structures filled with fluid and reduce friction - Prepatellar - Pes anserine - Infrapatellar - Suprapatellar

Answer 30

Bursae

Question 31

Adducts and medially rotates thigh Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 31

Gracilis

Question 32

Adducts the femur

Answer 32

Adductor magnus / Adductor longus / Pectineus

Question 33

Extends the knees Flexes the hip Located anterior to other quadriceps muscles

Answer 33

Rectus femoris

Question 34

Extends the knee

Answer 34

Vastus Lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

Question 35

Flexes the knee Weakly flexes the hip Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh

Answer 35

Sartorius

Question 36

Extends thigh at the hip Flexes the leg at the knee joint

Answer 36

Biceps Femoris (hamstrings)

Question 37

Extends the thigh at the hip Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 37

Semitendinosus

Question 38

Extends the thigh at the hip Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 38

Semimembranosus

Question 39

Formed by distal end of tibia and fibula Tibia forms the medial malleolus Fibula forms the lateral malleolus

Answer 39

Ankle mortis

Question 40

Ankle has ___ bones

Answer 40

7

Question 41

Seven bones of the ankle

Answer 41

Large talus (ankle bone) Calcaneus (Heel bone) Cuboid (Lateral) Navicular (Medial) Cuneiforms (1-3, named medially to laterally)

Question 42

Sections of metatarsals and phalanges

Answer 42

Base, Body, Head

Question 43

Ligaments that make up the lateral ankle

Answer 43

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) Posterior Talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Question 44

Ligaments that extends from talus to fibula

Answer 44

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Question 45

Ligament that extends from calcaneus to fibula

Answer 45

Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)

Question 46

Ligaments of the medial ankle

Answer 46

Deltoid ligaments

Question 47

Four ligaments fused into one Connects the tibia to the talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones

Answer 47

Deltoid ligaments

Question 48

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

Answer 48

Tibialis anterior

Question 49

Dorsiflexes and everts the foot Extends the toes

Answer 49

Extensor digitorum longus

Question 50

Plantarflexes and everts foot

Answer 50

Fibularis longus

Question 51

Plantarflexes foot Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 51

Gastrocnemius

Question 52

Plantarflexes the foot

Answer 52

Soleus

Question 53

Plantarflexes and inverts foot

Answer 53

Tibialis posterior

Question 54

Plantarflexes foot Flexes toes

Answer 54

Flexor digitorum longus