ch. 7: Emotion, temperament and personality Flashcards
Attentional deployment
A method of emotional regulation that involves purposely shifting the focus of one’s thoughts in a way that makes a situation feel less emotionally charged.
Basic emotions
An emotion, such as joy, sadness, disgust, surprise, fear, or anger, that is thought to be present in young infants and that is one of the building blocks for the emergence of later more complex emotions; also referred to as a primary emotion.
Complex emotions
An emotion, such as guilt or pride, that is thought to emerge later in development and that may build on interactions of basic emotions and involve supporting cognitions.
Display rules
Norms governing the kinds of emotional expressions a particular group considers appropriate in particular situations.
Emotional contagion
A process in which the emotional states of others, such as laughter or sadness, become manifested in a person who is exposed to those states.
Emotional regulation
The ways in which people of all ages influence the particular
emotions they experience, when and how they experience them, and how they reveal these emotions.
Emotion
A transient state that corresponds to physiological and cognitive processes associated with distinct internal sensations, or feelings.
Functionalist approach
An approach to emotion that stresses the function of emotional responses—specifically, that emotions help mobilize us to take action toward goals.
Goodness of fit
The idea that infants with different temperaments may thrive in different environments that fit best with those particular temperaments.
Negativity bias
A bias to pay more attention to and/or weigh more heavily negative rather than positive information.
Response modification
A form of emotional regulation that involves managing an
emotional reaction by directly influencing the response itself or engaging in an activity that
indirectly reduces anxiety or increases arousal.
Self-conscious emotions
An emotion that requires some degree of self- awareness and an
evaluation of the self as distinct from others and in relation to others.
Situation modification
A method of emotional regulation that involves changing the circumstances that bring about an emotional reaction.
Situation selection
A method of emotional regulation that involves choosing one’s circumstances based, in part, on the kind of emotional reaction they elicit.
