ch 7 disability and chronic illness Flashcards
chronic disease
medical or health problem needing long term management
chronic illness
the perception of living with a chronic disease (their perception and experience)
cognitive disability
limitations in mental functioning, problems with communication, self care and social skills
developmental disability
characterized by difficulty in one or more domain. may be cognitive or physical. occur before age of 22
disability
restriction or lack of ability in activity in normal manner
intellectual disability
before age 18. limitation in intellectual and adaptive behavior
multiple chronic conditions
more than one
noncommunicable disease
not caused by infection
secondary conditions or disorders
result from an initialing able condition (ex. renal failure secondary to diabetes)
sensory disability
impairment of hearing, sight, smell, taste, and touch (hearing loss, blindness)
disability is higher in
men under age 65, and women over 65
disability vs disable
broken leg vs arthritis
rehabilitation act of 1973
protects people from discrimination
the ADA of 1990
mandates acces to jobs and community
ADA amendments act 2008
defines disability to encompass impairments that limit a major life activity
United Nations convention on the rights of persons with disabilities states
right to receive highest standards of care without discrimination & interacting and communicating with people who have disabilities
barriers to healthcare
structural (no ramps, no elevators, doors not wide enough), lack of access to info, transportation, finances / cost of care / rural setting / race, gender, type of disability
medicare
federal health insurance 65 or older, permeant kidney injury, or qualified disability
medicaid
state and federal for low income families to provide medical insurance and expenses, any age
title II of the social security disability insurance
benefits to those who met the criteria of disability who have worked 40 quarters or employment, paid into social security taxes…..
Title XVI
supplemental social security income for people who are disabled, have limited income and sources
nursing considerations of pts with disabilities
ex. BSC/ walker/ wheelchair/ special call light, health promotion and prevention (educating pts, routine exams)
health disparity
preventable differences in the burden of disease, injuries, violence or opportunities ti achieve optimal health that are experienced by environmental factors, financial, education inequalities, behavioral
factors contributing to chronic disease and illness
obesity, immunizations, lifestyle factors
risk factors of chronic disease
HTN, obesity, lack of physical activity, poor nutrition, smoking/ tobacco, excessive alcohol, poor SES
pretrajectory phase of illness
genetic or lifestyle behaviors
trajectory onset phase of illness
onset of noticeable symptoms
stable phase of illness
illness course and symptoms are under control
unstable phase of illness
exacerbations of illness symptoms
acute phase of illness
severe, unrelieved symptoms or development of illness complications
crisis phase of illness
critical or life-threatening situation, suspension of everyday life activities
comeback phase of illness
gradual recovery after acute period of learning to live with to overcome disabilities
downward phase of illness
rapid or gradual worsening of condition
dying phase of illness
final days or weeks before death
the trajectory model of chronic illness
9 phases, may move back and forth through phases, may not go through all
various setting for pts with chronic conditions
hospital, outpatient (PT/ rehab), nursing home
