Ch 7 Assessing Physical Activity, Fitness, Progress For Older Adults

Question 1

Importance of assessment
•Two primary reasons
–Establish current performance status To 
•Design \_\_\_\_\_\_ effectively
–Evaluate progress over timers 
•Maintain \_\_\_\_\_ living

Chart

Assessment
•Current performance status of older adults
–Dramatic \_\_\_\_\_
•Preliminary evaluation
–Conducted \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
• fitness evaluation
–Compare with\_\_\_\_\_\_-referenced data
•Assessing performance progression
–Measured over \_\_\_\_\_ points of time

Reasons for assessing older adults’ physical activity levels
Table

Testing considerations
•Purpose
–Understand reason for testing
•Preparation
–Familiarity with each test
–Know equipment availability and function
–Prepare testing area
–Describe, familiarize, and gain consent
–Warm up sufficiently

Testing considerations (cont.)
•Preliminary Approval and Evaluation
✓Obtain written medical clearance
✓Conduct preliminary health and fitness evaluation
•Participant health history
•Family health history
•Risk factor appraisal
•Current medications
•Lifestyle behaviors

Answer 1

workout, . Independent, variation

First, norm/criterion, 2 or more

Question 2

3 tables

Current physical activity performance considerations
•Physical activity behavior assessment
–Self-report
•Most widely used
•Subject to bias

Table

In-session physical activity monitoring
•Continuously conduct minor assessments
•Acute program variables (i.e., FITT)
–Informally
–Formally
•Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)
•Heart rate

Chart

Tables

Assessing fitness
•The three general fitness domains for older adults:
____,______,_____

Assessments in ______ fitness domains are not necessarily appropriate for all older adults.

Functional fitness tests
•Assessments related to functional \_\_\_\_\_
–Activities of daily living (ADL)
–\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ activities of daily living (IADL)
–\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
•Appropriate for adults who are
–Frail
–\_\_\_\_\_\_ throughout life
–Senior elderly (older than \_\_\_\_

Tables

Interpreting functional fitness results
•Determine progress
–Record initial score for each test item
–Set dates for subsequent retests
•Comparisons
–\_\_\_\_\_-referenced
•Percentiles
–\_\_\_\_\_\_-referenced
•Standards

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ testing
•Cardiorespiratory endurance
•Musculoskeletal
–Strength
–Endurance
•Body composition

Cardiorespiratory endurance testing
•Aerobic capacity
–Quantified as   O2max
•Maximal test lasting 5 to 15 minutes
✓Physician presence may be required
•Submaximal tests
•Modification options

Answer 2

functional, health related, .performance

All three, independence, instrumental,

balance, sedentary, 85, norm, criterion

Health related fitness,

Question 3

Musculoskeletal fitness testing
•Absolute strength
–Repetition maximum (RM)
•Proper technique
•Specificity of testing mode
•Endurance
–Number of repetitions measured at a given weight

Musculoskeletal testing concerns
•______ increase is the primary safety concern
–Long durations of ——— production
–Hypertensive patient’s risk increases
•To decrease risk:
–Avoid _______
•Forceful attempt to exhale against a closed glottis
–Avoid long-duration ______
–Load should require no more than _____repetitions

Power testing
•Explosive force production
•Strongly associated with functional \_\_\_\_ performance
–Maintaining balance
•Not appropriate for all older adults

•_____ stair run test
–Clinically relevant measure of power
–Associated with mobility
–Uses mass, _____displacement, and time

Body composition testing
•Simple measurements
–BMI, circumferences, waist-hip ratios, skinfold
–More feasible
–Most frequently used

•“_________” of measurement
–Underwater-weighing (hydrostatic weighing

Answer 3

.blood pressure, high force,

Valsava maneuver, isometric tests,

8-10, mobility, margaria, vertical,

Gold standard

Question 4

BMI measurements
• equation

–Doesn’t account for body composition of individual, often inaccurate for older adults

Body composition testing (cont.)
•Skinfold measurement
–Measures subcutaneous fat, not ideal method for older adults
•_________
–Greater validity with older adults
•Higher correlations with “gold standard”

______ testing
•Useful for active adults and those participating in sport
–____ of assessment to task/activity
•Speed and agility testing
–Only for those accustomed to fast, powerful movements

•Performance _____ testing
–Maximal power capabilities associated with quick body accelerations

Speed and agility testing
•______ are a good measure of speed
–40-, 60-, 100-yard dash

•Standard ______ tests
–Variations of shuttle-run
–Quick feet movement tests
–Short in duration

Performance power testing
•Lower-body power
–Usually most important power capability
–Maximal \_\_\_\_\_\_ jump height
–\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ stair climb test

•Upper-body power
–______ medicine ball throws
•Measure of absolute power capability
–______ machine bench press

Answer 4

.circumference, performance,

specificity , power, sprints, agility

Vertical, margaria, vertical, Smith

Question 5

Tracking and assessing fitness level
•Goal setting
–Reference point for met or unmet goals
–Daily, weekly, monthly, and/or annually
•Pedometers
–Monitor and track steps-per-day
–Rowe et al. (2007) reported average of \_\_\_\_\_\_ steps per day in adults over 60

Tracking and assessing fitness level (cont.)
•Social networking
–Virtual space to discuss physical activity
•Journaling
–Reflect on goals and their progress
•Technology
–Internet resources
–Smart phones with GPS, calorie expenditure applications, etc.

A 61-year-old client wants their body composition measured. Which testing domain does this fall under?

a. Functional fitness
b. Performance testing
c. Health-related
d. All of the above

While monitoring a client, it is important to formally measure their intensity using a(an):

a. Performance test
b. Exercise journal
c. RPE scale
d. None of the above

How can aerobic capacity be measured?

a. vo2max
b. Submaximal tests
c. Field tests
d. All of the above

Answer 5

5,000.

Question 6

For older adults,

a. their functioning ability declines as their level of physical activity decreases.
b. number of steps taken become harder to measure.
c. performed ADLs should be supervised.
d. physical activity increases because of retirement

Older adults should walk:

a. 5000 steps per day
b. 7500 steps per day
c. 10,000 steps per day
d. The exact number is unknown

In-class Activity look at charts for answers.

6. What are the contraindications to exercise for CVD patients and Diabetes Type 2 Patients?
7. Why should a patient with CVD participate in exercise?
8. Why is exercise beneficial for patients with diabetes type 2?
9. What are the 4 various types of frailty? What are the 5 measured areas of frailty?
10. What are some of the things you would want to do or keep in mind when designing/ administering an exercise program for patients experiencing age related cognitive decline?

Know karvonen formula

(((220-____)-_____)) x _____) +RHR

Know all charts+
functional, -pilates
health related and
performance.

Know difference between adls and IADLS charts

Answer 6

age. RHR, intensity,