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Psychology Test 2 > Ch. 7 > Flashcards

Ch. 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

The psychology of growth, change, and consistency through the lifespan; examines how both heredity and environment influence perspectives

A

Developmental Psychology

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2
Q

Heredity vs. environment

A

Nature-Nurture

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3
Q

What innate abilities does the infant possess?

A

Newborns have innate abilities for finding nourishment, avoiding harmful situations, and interaction with others—all of which facilitate survival

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4
Q

The developmental period before birth

A

Prenatal Period

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5
Q

What are teratogens?

A

Toxic substances that can damage the developing organism

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6
Q

What innate reflexes do infants have?

A

Postural reflex, grasping reflex, rooting reflex, stepping reflex

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7
Q

The unfolding of genetically programmed processes of growth and development over time

A

Maturation

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8
Q

Emotional relationship between child and parent

A

Attachment

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9
Q

Structure in the brain innately programmed with some of the fundamental rules of grammar

A

Language Acquisition Device (LAD)

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10
Q

The process by which mental abilities emerge and change over time

A

Cognitive Development

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11
Q

What is Piaget’s stage theory?

A
  1. Schemas
  2. Interaction of Assimilation and Accommodation
  3. Stages of Cognitive Development
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12
Q

Mental structures that guide your interpretation of concepts and events

A

schemas

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13
Q

Mental process that incorporates new information into existing schemas

A

Assimilation

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14
Q

Mental process that modifies schemas in order to accommodate new information

A

Accommodation

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15
Q

What are Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?

A
  1. Sensorimotor
  2. Pre operational
  3. Concrete operational
  4. Formal operational
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16
Q

Seeing things only from one’s own perspective

A

Egocentrism

17
Q

Focusing only on one feature

A

Centration

18
Q

Beliefs, desires, and emotions different from another’s; underlies your expectations about how people will act in certain situations

A

Theory of Mind

19
Q

An individual’s hard-wired pattern of personality and behavior

A

Temperament

20
Q

The lifelong process of shaping an individual’s behavior patterns, values, standards, skills, attitudes, and motives to conform to those regarded as desirable in a particular society

A

Socialization

21
Q

What are the four parenting styles?

A

Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, Uninvolved

22
Q

Social rituals that usually take place at about the time of puberty and serve as a public acknowledgement of the transition from childhood to adulthood

A

Rites of Passage

23
Q

Onset of sexual maturity

A

Puberty

24
Q

Process of trimming unused brain connections, making neurons available for future development

A

Synaptic Pruning

25
Q

Process by which ordinarily good people can do evil deeds by temporarily suspending their morality

A

Moral Disengagement

26
Q

A sense of who one is—a coherent self

A

Identity

27
Q

Capacity to make a full commitment

A

Intimacy

28
Q

Inability to connect with others in meaningful ways

A

Isolation

29
Q

A transition period between adolescence and adulthood

A

Emerging adulthood

30
Q

To make meaningful and lasting contributions to family, work, society, or future generations

A

Generativity

31
Q

The ability to look back on life without regrets and to enjoy a sense of wholeness

A

Ego-Integrity

Psychology Test 2 (4 decks)

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