Ch 7 Flashcards
A collection of ideas that are used in workstation design to to achieve the most effective and efficient design in a workspace.
Principles of motion economy
a drawing usually top down, that includes equipment, materials, operator space etc. represent a workplace that is safe, efficient a task efficiently, and healthy for workers
Workstation design
4 principles of motion economy
- related to the use of the human body. 2. design of the workplace. 3. an operators tools and equipment. 4. use of time conversation
examples of the Human body
two hands start tasks at the same time. arms and hands should be used in opposite directions and should be done symmetrically
Examples of tools and equipment
tools should be combined when necessary
the most natural state of motion. putting one set of muscles in front of one another. is faster and easier than other motions
Ballistic motions. example hitting a stop button putting a part ina a tub.
opposite of ballistic slowed and controlled
controlled or restricted motion. example safety and slowly putting parts down.
8 factors to plan workstation design
Operator table, incoming material, outgoing material, operator tools be equo
The best starting point for production
the cheapest way
the only limit to workstation design is the
Engineers creativity
8 factors to making a workstation design
worktable, incomign table, outgoing materila, tools and equipment, location of waste, scale of drawing, operator space and access to equipment
all parts should be placed between the
normal and maximum reach zones.
Doing the right way(job). doing the things right ( method)
Effectiveness. Efficiency
curved motions if the body is changing directions.
Continous motion.
can be used to relieve hands of unnecessary motion and force
Gravity. foot-related work stools. conveyors.
The study of ergonomics of the the various shapes and sizes of the human body.
Anthropy
User trials should be designed
After a station is designed
Standing work height is is around
Elbow height
Effects of illumination
Individuals perception of light. Light output.
Measured in lumens
Can be reduced by redesigning the source or by isolating the source.
Vibration
OSHA requires hearing protection at this noise level
85 decibels or higher
Path taken by both hands in the procces of making one part. Or pairs if one
Motion pattern. Workstation design mustd be done before this is
Wa rejects, poor quality, defects causes poor incoming materila
Defects
Producing a larger amount than is necessary. Often the worst waste of all
Overproduction
Causes of waiting
Unbalanced workloads. Unplanned downtimes. Quality problems. Long changeovers
Causes of non utilitized employees
Poor management. Poor employement reconginition
Effort which adds no additional customer vlaue for a process or part
Over processing
Causes of transportation
Poor plant layout. Multiple storage locations
Motion type where hands changes direction.
Curved motions
