Ch. 7

Question 1

An internal record or representation of some prior event or experience.

Answer 1

Memory

Question 2

Outlining each chapter from our book to help you organize data in your long-term memories for easier retrieval . Helps build a cognitive map of information & improves memory.

Answer 2

Constructive Process
Organization

Question 3

Details of
experiences
must be
encoded into
our memories,
or they will not
be retrievable,
which is called

Answer 3

Encoding

Question 4

Typing in a computer then it’s saving the data and showing you on its screen

Answer 4

Encoding, Storage, Retrieval

Question 5

Is the word written in capital letters?

Answer 5

Shallow/Structrual

Question 6

Does the word rhyme with weight?

Answer 6

Intermediate/Phonemic

Question 7

Would the word fit in a sentence?

Answer 7

Deep/Semantic

Question 8

let’s say you read that phobias are often caused by classical conditioning, and you apply this idea to your own fear of spiders by analyzing how you were conditioned.

Answer 8

Elaboration

Question 9

If you were asked to remember the word juggler, you could readily form an image of someone juggling balls.

Answer 9

Visual Imagery

Question 10

Paivio’s
theory that memory is enhanced
by forming both semantic and
visual codes since either can lead
to recall.

Answer 10

Dual coding Theory

Question 11

High motivation to remember
(MTR) at the time of encoding
improves recall later.

Answer 11

Motivation to remember

Question 12

at work when you try to remember who won the Super Bowl last year or when you reminisce about your high school days.

Answer 12

Retrospective memory

Question 13

include remembering to bring your umbrella, to walk the dog, to call someone, or to grab the tickets for the big game.

Answer 13

Prospective memory

Question 14

Butter, bread, jam, etc.

Answer 14

Clustering

Question 15

Animals, mammals & birds, Canine, Feline, rodents, dog, cat, rat

Answer 15

,/Conceptual hierarchy

Question 16

How we store memories?

Question 17

A flash of lightning and you see an object and you can recall what it looked like

Answer 17

Iconic Memory

Question 18

is a 3 or 4 second sensory/acoustic memory of a sound.

Answer 18

Ethoic Memory

Question 19

is a limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for up to about 20 seconds. Leans more on acoustic coding

Answer 19

Short-Term Memory

Question 20

is an unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time. Leans more on semantic coding

Answer 20

Long-Term Memory

Question 21

memory with conscious recall

Answer 21

/Declarative/Explicit memory

Question 22

bananas are yellow, 12 months in a year, spiders have 8 legs what memory knows this?

Answer 22

Semantic memory

Question 23

Highschool graduation and the birth of your first child what memory uses this?

Answer 23

Episodic memory

Question 24

Nondeclarative/implicit memory

Answer 24

memory without conscious recall

Question 25

How to drive a car, brush your teeth, ride a bike

Answer 25

Procedural memory

Question 26

phobias

Answer 26

Classically conditioned memory

Question 27

Heighted fears after reading a scary novel

Answer 27

Priming

Question 28

Repeating information over and over to maintain it in short-term memory

Answer 28

Maintenance Rehearsal

Question 29

The process of linking new information to previously stored material

Answer 29

Elaborative Rehearsal

Question 30

Grouping separate pieces of information into a single unit

Answer 30

Chunking

Question 31

Piano practice

Answer 31

Long Term Potentiation

Question 32

multiple-choice test

Answer 32

Recognition

Question 33

essay test

Answer 33

recall

Question 34

What do we use to locate info in our mind?

Answer 34

visuospatial sketchpad

Question 35

we are good at remembering mental pictures and acronyms,(LOL) which can help us recall the meanings./PEMDAS

Answer 35

Mnemonics

Question 36

Clue or prompt that helps stimulate recall or retrieval of a stored piece of information from long-term memory

Answer 36

Retrieval Cue

Question 37

Details of a birthday party include cake and ice cream, gifts, etc.

Answer 37

Schema

Question 38

Just sharing your thought that someone was probably driving drunk can lead another to describe what they saw with this new information attached to it, “yes, they were weaving”.

Answer 38

Misinformation effect

Question 39

Remembering things better when they are at the start of a list

Answer 39

primacy effect

Question 40

remembering items at the very end of a list is due to the

Answer 40

recency effect

Question 41

People tend to show better recall for items at the

Answer 41

beginning and the end

Question 42

When you are learning new information, like the names of your classmates, and you begin to forget the names of last semesters classmates.

Answer 42

RETROACTIVE INTERFERENCE:

Question 43

When you have previous learned information interfere with recalling newly learned information, such as calling a new girlfriend by your previous girlfriends name.

Answer 43

PROACTIVE INTERFERENCE

Question 44

temporary inability to remember something you know, accompanied by a feeling that it’s just out of reach. Happens about once a week and increases with age.

Answer 44

Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

Question 45

often facilitate the retrieval of information. * The value of reinstating the context of an event may account for how hypnosis occasionally stimulates eyewitness recall in legal investigations. * Hypnotists use context cues. * Research suggests that hypnosis often increases individuals’ tendency to report incorrect information.

Answer 45

Context Cues

Question 46

Facts you learned in school gradually fade out of memory over time

Answer 46

Decay theory

Question 47

After sitting through your biology lecture, you forget what you learned in chemistry class the hour before

Answer 47

Interference theory

Question 48

you cannot remember a traumatic childhood experience

Answer 48

Motivated forgetting

Question 49

You have difficulty remembering something you know is stored in memory

Answer 49

Retrieval theory

Question 50

-Decay theory -Interference theory -Retrieval theory -Motivated forgetting

Answer 50

Theories of Forgetting

Question 51

You recite a phone number or the capitals of U.S. states or the provinces of Canada

Answer 51

Recall task

Question 52

You recognize the correct answer in a multiple- choice question

Answer 52

Recognition task

Question 53

Recall and Recognition task

Answer 53

Measuring Methods

Question 54

After suffering a blow to the head in a car accident, you are unable to remember details of the accident itself

Answer 54

Retrograde amnesia

Question 55

Because of a brain disorder, you find it difficult to retain new information

Answer 55

Anterograde amnesia

Question 56

Retrograde amnesia and Anterograde amnesia

Answer 56

Types of Amnesia

Question 57

cramming before a test

Answer 57

Massed Practice

Question 58

studying overtime or period of days

Answer 58

Distributed (or Spaced) Practice

Question 59

One effective way to distribute practice is repeated self-testing, often called the testing effect.

Answer 59

Retrieval Practice