Ch 63 Fetal Urogenital System Flashcards
complex malformation involving lower limb anomalies, spinal defect, anal atresia, and lower abdominal wall defect below the cord insertion involving exstrophy of the bladder and protrusion of the intestines
cloacal exstrophy
failure of the testes to descend into the scrotu
cryptorchidism
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the top side of the penis
epispadias
dilated renal pelvis in the fetus; most common fetal anomaly
fetal hydronephrosis
ovarian mass that results from maternal hormone stimulation and is usually benign
fetal ovarian cyst
condition in which both ovarian and testicular tissues are present
hermaphroditism
forms when the inferior poles of the kidney fuse while they are in the pelvis
horseshoe kidney
collection of fluid in the vagina and uterus
hydrometrocolpos
dilated ureters
hydroureters
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
hypospadias
autosomal recessive disease that affects the fetal kidneys and liver; the kidneys are enlarged and echogenic on ultrasound
infantile polycystic kidney disease (IPKD)
the level of the urethra where the urinary tract may become obstructed
megacystis
dilation of the lower end of the ureter; the common presentation of ureterovesical junction obstruction
megaureter
multiple cysts replace normal renal tissue throughout the kidney; usually causes renal obstruction
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease (MSCK)
occurs when the kidney does not migrate upward into the retroperitoneal space
pelvic kidney
occurs only in male fetuses; is manifested by the presence of a valve in the posterior urethra
posterior urethral valve
term used to describe renal diseases other than renal agenesis that result in renal failure and facial or structural abnormalities caused by oligohydramnios
Potter’s sequence
characterized by a group of findings associated with oligohydramnios and renal failure or bilateral renal agenesis; findings include abnormally positioned extremities, wide-set eyes, low-set ears, and broad nasal bridge
Potter’s syndrome
dilation of the fetal abdomen secondary to severe bilateral hydronephrosis and fetal ascites; fetus also has oligohydramnios and pulmonary hypoplasia
prune belly syndrome
dilated renal pelvis without involvement of the calyces
pyelectasis
renal system fails to develop
renal agenesis
a small part of the lumen of the allantois that persists while the urachus forms
urachal cyst
congenital outpouching of the distal ureter into the bladder
ureterocele
junction of the ureter entering the renal pelvis; most common site of obstruction
ureteropelvic obstruction (UPJ)
junction where the ureter enters the bladder
ureterovesical junction (UVJ)
condition that causes a massively distended bladder (prune belly)
urethral atresia
Dilation of the posterior urethra is highly suspicious for an obstructive process such as __________, also known as “Key - hole sign”
Posterior Urethral Valve Syndrome {PUVO}