Ch 6 - Urinary System Flashcards
hilum
indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the renal artery, vein, and pelvis are located and the ureter leaves the kidney
urinary meatus
opening through which the urine passes to the outside
glomerulus
cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron
the process of filtering the blood, thereby forming urine, begins here
combining form of bladder, sac
cyst/o, vesic/o
combining form of glomerulus
glomerul/o
combining form of meatus
opening
meat/o
combining form of kidney
nephr/o, ren/o
combining form of renal pelvis
pyel/o
combining form of ureter
ureter/o
combining form of urethra
urethr/o
combining form of albumin
albumin/o
combining form of urea, nitrogen
azot/o
combining form of developing cell, germ cell
blast/o
combining form of sugar
glyc/o, glycos/o
combining form of water
hydr/o
combining form of stone, calculus
lith/o
combining form of night
noct/i
combining form of scanty, few
olig/o
combining form of urine, urinary tract
urin/o, ur/o
suffix of condition
-iasis, -esis
suffix of loosening, dissolution, separating
-lysis
suffix of drooping, sagging, prolapse
-ptosis
suffix of suturing, repairing
-rrhaphy
suffix of surgical crushing
-tripsy
suffix of urine, urination
-uria
azotemia
urea in the blood
a toxic condition resulting from disease of the kidney in which waste products are in the blood that are normally excreted by the kidney
aka uremia
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
cystocele
protrusion of the bladder
cystolith
stones in the bladder
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
hydronephrosis
abnormal condition of water in the kidney
renal pelvis
funnel-shaped reservoir in the kidney that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter
nephron
urine producing microscopic structure in kidneys
ureters
receive urine from the kidneys and carries it the bladder
nephroblastoma
kidney tumor containing developing germ cells
malignant tumor
aka Wilms tumor
nephrolithiasis
condition of stones in the kidneys
nephromegaly
enlargement of a kidney
nephroptosis
drooping kidney
aka floating kidney and occurs when the kidney is no longer held in place and drops out of its normal condition
risk to truck drivers and horseback riders
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
ureteritis
inflammation of a ureter
ureterocele
protrusion of a ureter distally into the bladder
ureterolithiasis
condition of a stone in the ureter
ureterostenosis
narrowing of the ureter
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and the bladder
epispadias
congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis
hypospadias
congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis
females may also have hypospadias where the urinary meatus is unusually located
polycystic kidney disease
condition in which the kidney contains many cysts causing progressive interference with the ability to form urine
renal calculus
stone in kidney
urinary suppression
sudden stoppage of urine formation
cystectomy
excision of the bladder
cystolithotomy
incision into the bladder to remove stones
cystorrhaphy
suturing the bladder
cystostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the bladder for urinary drainage
cystotomy, vesicotomy
incision into the bladder
lithotripsy
surgical crushing of stones using shock waves
meatotomy
incision into the meatus to enlarge it
nephrectomy
excision of the kidney
nephrolithotomy
incision into the kidney to remove stones
nephrolithotripsy
surgical crushing of stones in the kidney using shock waves
nephrolysis
separating the kidney from other structures
nephropexy
surgical fixation of the kidney
nephrostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the kidney
pyelolithotomy
incision into the renal pelvis to remove stones
pyeloplasty
surgical repair of the renal pelvis
uretectomy
excision of the ureter
ureterostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the ureter for drainage of urine
urethroplasty
surgical repair of the urethra
vesicourethral suspension
suspension pertaining to the bladder and urethra
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
noninvasive surgical procedure to crush stones in the kidney or ureter by administration of repeated shockwaves
stone fragments are eliminated from the body in urine
aka shock wave lithotripsy
fulguration
destruction of living tissue with an electric spark
a method commonly used to destroy bladder growths
renal transplant
surgical implantation of a donor kidney into a patient with inadequate renal function
cystogram
radiographic image of the bladder
cystography
radiographic imaging of the bladder
nephrography
radiographic imaging of the kidney
nephrosonography
process of recording the kidney using sound
renogram
radiographic record of the kidney
a nuclear medicine
retrograde urogram
radiographic image of urinary tract
retrograde means to move in a direction opposite from normal
urogram
radiographic image of urinary tract
voiding cystourethrography
radiographic imaging of the bladder and the urethra
cystoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the bladder
cystoscopy
visual exam of bladder
nephroscopy
visual exam of kidney
ureteroscopy
visual exam of the ureter
KUB
kidney ureter bladder
simple radiographic image of the abdomen
used to identify radiopaque calculi in the kidney, ureter, or bladder or to diagnose intestinal obstruction
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
blood test measures amount of urea in blood
detects abnormality in renal function
creatinine
blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in blood
an elevated amount may indicate impaired kidney function
SG
specific gravity
test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys
UA
urinalysis
chemical analysis of a urine specimen provides screening for blood glucose, protein, and others for overall health
albuminuria
albumin in the urine
protein may indicate kidney disease
anuria
absence of urine
diuresis
condition of urine passing through
increased excretion of urine
glycosuria
glucose in urine
hematuria
blood in urine
meatal
pertaining to the meatus
nocturia
night urination
oliguria
scanty urine
pyuria
pus in urine
enuresis
involuntary urination
hemodialysis
procedure for removing impurities from the blood
micturate
to pass urine
urinate
peritoneal dialysis
procedure for removing toxic wastes
the peritoneal cavity is used as the receptacle for the fluid used in the dialysis
stricture
abnormal narrowing
urodynamics
pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract
studies the process of voiding and test bladder tone, capacity, pressure along the urine flow and perineal muscle function
enlarged prostate and urethral stricture will diminish urine flow rate
void
to empty or evacuate waste material
Acute renal failure
a rapid severe reduction in renal function resulting in a collection of metabolic waste in the body
reversible and able to recover
caused by trauma, obstruction, adverse drug reaction, decreased blood flow from dehydration, burns, hemorrhage, septic shock
less than 2 days
chronic kidney disease
progressive, irreversible, loss of renal function and onset of uremia
caused by hypertension, diabetes mellitus, glomerulonephritis
also known as chronic renal failure
end-stage renal disease
chronic kidney disease when kidney function is too poor to sustain life
