ch 6: the cloud

Question 1

What is the definition of the cloud

Answer 1

the elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the internet

Question 2

Why is the term cloud used?

Answer 2

bc most early diagrams of three-tier and other internet based systems used a cloud symbol to represent the internet

Question 3

what is three tier architecture

Answer 3

software application that organizes application into three computing tiers

-presentation tier/user interface

-application tier -where data is processed

-dara tier-where data associated with the application is stored and managed

Question 4

Some benefits of moving to the cloud

Answer 4

-significant elasticity (limits financial risks and automatically adjusts for unpredicitable demand and allows leasing of capacity on a as needed basis for a fraction of the cost)

-improved scalability (allows an organization to respond to slow incremental growth in demand)

-lowerd costs (such as the costs of managing physical servers)

-pooled resources (which allow multiple users to share the same physical hardware through virtualization and enables the rapid development of new virtual machines)

Question 5

why do organizations prefer the cloud

Answer 5

-lower costs
-ubiquitous access
-improved scalability
-elasticity
-virtualization technology
-internet based standards

Question 6

the mainframe era

Answer 6

-1960s-1980s
-large scale high speed centralized computers
-thin clients (computer terminals), no internet and no cloud

Question 7

the client server era

Answer 7

-1990s-2000s
-allowed clients (users) to send requests across the internet to servers
-internet but no modern cloud computing yet

Question 8

the cloud computing era

Answer 8

-2008-current
-applications, data, and processing power can be used remotely

-accessed with a variety of devices including PCs (stand along clients), thin clients, mobile devices, and IOT devices

Question 9

when does the cloud not make sense?

Answer 9

For organizations that are required by law to hav physical control or possession over their data

this results in them needing to be forced to create and maintain their own hosting infrastructure

-ex financial instutions

Question 10

positives of the cloud

Answer 10

-small capital requirements
-speedy development
-superior scalability to growing/flunctuating demand
-known cost structure
-possibly best of breed security disaster prepardness
-no obsolescence
-industry wide economies of scale (cheaper)
-allowsfocus on core business not infrastructure

Question 11

negatives of the cloud

Answer 11

-dependency on vendor
-loss of control over data location
-little visibility into true security and disaster preparedness capabilities

Question 12

in house positives

Answer 12

-control of data location
-in depth visibility of security/disaster preparedness

Question 13

in house negatives

Answer 13

-significant capital required
-significant development effort
-difficult nearly impossible to accommodate fluctuating demand
-ongoing support costs
-staff and train personnel
-increased management requirements
-annual maintenance costs
-cost uncertainties
-obsolescnence

Question 14

what network technology supports the cloud

Answer 14

-personal area network (PAN)
-local area network (LAN)
-wide area network (WAN)
-the internet and internets

Question 15

PAN

Answer 15

-personal area network
-devices connected around a single person

Question 16

LAN

Answer 16

-local area network
-computers connected at a single physical site

Question 17

WAN

Answer 17

-wide area network
-computers connected between two or more seperated sites

Question 18

internet and internets

Answer 18

-networks of networks
-connects LANS and WANS

Question 19

types of cloud service offerings (3 fundamental cloud types)

Answer 19

SaaS
PaaS
IaaS

Question 20

SAS

Answer 20

-software as a service
-provides hardware infra-structure, operating system, and application programs and databases

-users:employees/customers

-ex: icloud,office 365

Question 21

PaaS

Answer 21

-platform as a service
-wherby vendors provide hosted computers with an operating system, runtime enviornment, and middleware like a web server

-users: Application developers/testers

ex: google app engine

Question 22

IaaS

Answer 22

-infrastructure as a service
-the cloud hosting of bare server computer, data storage, network, and virtualization

users: network architechts/systems administrators

Question 23

net neutrality principle

Answer 23

-all data should be treated equally
-carriers shuld not be able

-decide which sites load quick

-decide which apps are allowed on a networks

-decide which content is accpetable

Question 24

problem with net neutraility

Answer 24

some ppl use more bandwidth than others

ex: netfix accounts for more than 35% of all internet traffic btw 9-12