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Strategy And Tactics > Ch 6 Tactics > Flashcards

Ch 6 Tactics Flashcards

1
Q

________ involves the techniques that allow a rescuer to identify the location of victims and determine how to access those victims in order to remove them to a safe area

A

Search

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2
Q

_______ is the removal of victims from an untenable or unhealthy atmosphere

A

Rescue

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3
Q

In some cases,_____ of the fire must be initiated prior to the search and rescue effort for the sake of the firefighters and occupants safety

A

Confinement

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4
Q

A __________ is a rapid but thorough search that is performed either before or during fire suppression operations

A

Primary search

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5
Q

A _________ is conducted after the fire is under control and the greatest hazards have been controlled

A

Secondary search

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6
Q

_________ should only be initiated following a 360° size up of a structure, and the IC should consider risk assessment when making the VEIS assignment

A

VEIS

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7
Q

________ exposures are other structures, equipment, vehicles, people, or natural features that the fire would endanger

A

External

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8
Q

_________ exposures are unburned or unaffected portions of the building interior that the fire growth threatens

A

Internal

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9
Q

Fire exiting an opening with a defined neutral plane indicates that the opening is supporting a _______ flow of products of combustion away from the fire and oxygen towards the fire

A

Bidirectional

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10
Q

________ includes firefighting operations required to prevent fire from extending from the area of involvement to uninvolved areas or structures

A

Confinement

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11
Q

A direct attack on the fire using a solid or straight stream uses water or foam most efficiently on _______ fires

A

Fuel controlled

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12
Q

An ________ attack on the fire using a straight or solid stream uses water most efficiently on ventilation controlled fires

A

Indirect

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13
Q

An indirect attack can be considered_______ if performed beginning on the exterior

A

Transitional

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14
Q

Fire that is located in a remote part of the structure or hidden from view by objects in the compartment

A

Shielded fire

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15
Q

The _________ is an offensive tactic used in an offensive strategy that the I C or initial company officer employees in which a hose line is deployed from the exterior of the structure where smoke and flames are visible to gain control of the fire prior to deployment of interior hose lines

A

Transitional attack

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16
Q

The transitional attack is an offensive tactic used in an _____that the I C or initial company officer employs in which a hose line is deployed from the exterior of the structure where smoke or flames are visible to gain control of the fire prior to the deployment of interior hose lines

A

Offensive strategy

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17
Q

A ________ should be used during every size up to assist in locating the fire within the structure

A

Thermal imager

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18
Q

The firefighters conducting the transitional attack should ensure that the nozzle is not placed on a_______ and must avoid movement of the street or solid water stream within the opening

A

Fog pattern

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19
Q

In order for the fan to create the needed pressure to force the heat and toxic gases out of the structure, the_____ must be located in the fire compartment

A

Exhaust openings

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20
Q

Prior to beginning_______, an attempt to determine the cause and point of origin should be made

A

Overhaul

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21
Q

Fire officers who are certified to ______should be able to determine the cause and origin of most fires

A

NFPA 1021

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22
Q

__________ is the planned, systematic, and coordinated removal of heated air, smoke gases, or other airborne contaminants from a structure, replacing them with cooler and fresh air to meet incident priorities of life safety, incident stabilization, and property conservation

A

Tactical ventilation

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23
Q

_______________ should only be performed when the fire attack hose lines and teams are in place and ready to advance toward the fire

A

Tactical ventilation

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24
Q

When a window fails, a new source of oxygen is suddenly available to a fire. The fire can rapidly move toward and consume this oxygen, creating a______ affect

A

Blow torch

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25
Q

_________ commercial structures, such as big box stores, have high fuel loads in the contents and no physical barriers to prevent the spread of fire and smoke in the space

A

Open plan

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26
Q

In single-family residential structure, the footprint of houses has increased over 150% between 1973 and 2008. At the same time, lot sizes have shrunk approximately _______

A

25 %

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27
Q

_________ is volume between an inlet and an outlet that allows the movement of heat and smoke from the higher pressure within the fire area towards the lower pressure areas accessible via doors and window openings

A

Flow path

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28
Q

The _______ Is the connection between the inlet in the outlet

A

Flow path

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29
Q

The most important weather related influence on ventilation is _____

A

Wind

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30
Q

That means used for horizontal and vertical ventilation are natural, mechanical, and_______ ventilation

A

Hydraulic

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31
Q

_________ ventilation involves opening doors and windows to allow natural air currents and pressure differences to move smoke and heat out of the building

A

Natural horizontal

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32
Q

__________ ventilation uses the buoyancy of heated smoke and gases to draw them out of the structure through the roof openings while entraining fresh air into the structure

A

Natural vertical

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33
Q

________ ventilation is the oldest type of mechanical ventilation

A

Negative pressure

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34
Q

When the natural flow of air currents in the currents that the fire creates are insufficient to remove smoke, heat, and fire gases,_______ ventilation is necessary

A

Mechanical

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35
Q

Vertical ventilation is the opening of the______ part of the structure to allow smoke, gases, and heat to escape

A

Upper

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36
Q

If a basement fire is found and there is no exterior access to deploy hose lines for fire attack, consider a ______ attack through ventilation of exterior basement windows prior to making entry

A

Transitional

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37
Q

The personnel required for search rescue and firefighting operations in high-rise buildings is often four to ______times as great as required for a fire in a typical lowrise building

A

Six

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38
Q

Openings within a high-rise can contribute to a _______, creating an upward draft and interfering with evacuation and ventilation

A

Stack effect

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39
Q

Tendency of any vertical shaft within a tall building to act as a chimney or smokestack, by channeling heat, smoke, and other products of combustion upward due to convection

A

Stack effect

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40
Q

________ is defined as methods and procedures that firefighters used in attempt to save property and reduce further damage from water, smoke, heat, and exposure

A

Salvage

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41
Q

The most important aspect of tactical ventilation in high-rise buildings is the ability to confine the fire to its ______ or floor of origin

A

Compartment

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42
Q

Separating the victim from the hazard involves moving them outside the involved structure or moving them to an area of safety located inside the structure referred to as________

A

Sheltering in place

43
Q

_______ are achieved through the completion of tasks that units and individuals perform

A

Tactics

44
Q

An ____ is any area to which fire could spread

A

Exposure

45
Q

Interior exposures to a fire are determined by the _____ of compartments and spaces and the location and arrangement of contents

A

Configuration

46
Q

_______ fans are most effective on fires confined to a compartment

A

Positive pressure

47
Q

The two main considerations for positive pressure attack are ______ and exhaust to intake ratio

A

Fire location

48
Q

Staffing and available resources dictate the order in which _____ are accomplished

A

Tactics

49
Q

_______ of the fire may be necessary before committing personnel to rescue

A

Confinement

50
Q

_______ are achieved through the completion of tasks that units and individuals perform

A

Tactics

51
Q

In ____ dwellings and _____ occupancies it is possible to make quick searches without a charged hose line

A

Single family, small commercial

52
Q

Systematic pattern such as left or right handed search

A

General traditional search

53
Q

Systematic approach and watch the team can quickly and effectively search specific rooms or clusters of rooms

A

Oriented search

54
Q

Used to conduct a search of large or complex area that is filled with smoke

A

Wide area search

55
Q

Utilized when it is suspected or probable that a victim is present in a specific room or compartment within the structure and that there is direct access point to enter the room, typically a window

A

VEIS

56
Q

During the _______ Search, thoroughness is more important than speed

A

Secondary

57
Q

Smoke exiting the structure ______typically indicates the fire is on a floor below

A

Lazily

58
Q

Smoke exiting _____ with a defined neutral plane is a sign of a fire on the same structural level where the smoke is exiting but not necessarily the fire‘s origin or the only level that may have fire

A

Under pressure

59
Q

Fire exiting an opening with a defined neutral plane indicates that the opening is supporting a _____ form of products of combustion away from the fire and oxygen toward the fire

A

Bidirectional

60
Q

______ The fire is a natural extension of the confinement tactic

A

Extinguishing 

61
Q

A _____ attack involves applying water or foam directly on a fire

A

Direct

62
Q

An indirect attack on the fire using a straight or solid stream uses water most efficiently on ______ controlled fires

A

Ventilation

63
Q

An indirect attack can be considered _______is performed on the interior of the structure

A

Gas cooling

64
Q

An Indirect attack can be considered ______ performed beginning on the exterior

A

Transitional

65
Q

_______ is not a fire extinguishment method but is a way of reducing heat release from the hot gas layer

A

Gas cooling

66
Q

A _______ Attack adds the cooling effect of an indirect attack to the suppression effect of a direct attack

A

Combination

67
Q

The objective of a _______attack is to improve conditions on the interior of the structure and maximize the safety of both potential victims and firefighters alike

A

Transitional

68
Q

The ______ Attack serves to interrupt the fire first and limit for the heat and smoke production

A

Transitional

69
Q

The ______ Attack limits the potential for rapid fire behavior changes within the flow path as the cruise advance from the exterior to the interior of the structure

A

Transitional

70
Q

Positive pressure fans are most effective on fires ____________

A

Confined to a compartment

71
Q

For the tactic to be effective the fan miscreate enough pressure to force smoke and heat to the intended exhaust openings. Controlling the flow within the structure in this manner during the initial stages of the fire, prior to suppression is known as _______

A

Positive pressure attack

72
Q

When done correctly _______reduces the thermal effect on firefighters as they perform an interior operation

A

PPA

73
Q

The opening where the fan is set up and airflow is introduced is known as the ______

A

Intake

74
Q

The location where the products of combustion will be removed from the structure is known as the _____\

A

Exhaust

75
Q

The two main considerations for positive pressure attack are _______ and ________

A

Fire location, exhaust to intake size ratio

76
Q

In order for the fan to create the needed pressure to force the heat and toxic gases out of the structure, the exhaust openings must be located in the ___________

A

Fire compartment

77
Q

________ operations Cam wants the main body of the fire has been extinguished and a safety assessment conducted at the direction of the IC deems that is safe to begin

A

Overhaul

78
Q

Prior to beginning ______ an attempt to determine because and point of origin should be made

A

Overhaul

79
Q

_________ operations can destroy or alter evidence of incendiary or accidental cause

A

Overhaul

80
Q

Firefighters should have their health monitored prior to beginning _______ operations to ensure that their vital signs and stress levels are regular

A

Overhaul

81
Q

The international agency for research on cancer identified more than _______ carcinogens in fire smoke

A

30

82
Q

________ Is the planned, systematic, and coordinated removal of heated air, smoke, gases, or other airborne contaminants from a structure, replacing them with cooler and or fresher air to meet the incident priorities of life safety, incident stabilization, and property conservation

A

Tactical ventilation

83
Q

Some examples of _____ ventilation include failure of windows, doors, and structural members as a result of heat and fire exposure

A

Unplanned

84
Q

In single-family residential structures, the footprint of houses has increased over ____percent by tween 1973 and 2008

A

150

85
Q

The most important weather related influence on ventilation is _____

A

Wind

86
Q

Ventilation below the _____ of the building creates the danger that the rising fire gases will ignite portions of the building above the exhaust point

A

Highest point

87
Q

There are generally two types of tactical ventilation used for structure fires; _____&______

A

Horizontal, vertical

88
Q

_______ Ventilation involves opening doors and windows to allow natural air currents and pressure differences to move smoke and heat out of the building

A

Natural horizontal

89
Q

_________ Ventilation uses the buoyancy if heated smoke and gases to draw them out of the structure through the roof openings while entraining fresh air into the structure

A

Natural vertical

90
Q

When conditions are appropriate, ________ ventilation operations should work with existing atmosphereic conditions taking advantage of natural air flower

A

Natural horizontal

91
Q

Building with limited openings or fires in confined spaces are not effective for _______ ventilation

A

Natural horizontal

92
Q

_______ Ventilation is accomplished through negative pressure or positive pressure

A

Mechanical

93
Q

__________ Ventilation is the oldest type of mechanical ventilation

A

Negative pressure

94
Q

________ Ventilation maybe used in situations where other types of forced ventilation are unavailable

A

Hydraulic

95
Q

________ Ventilation is used to clear a room or building of smoke, heat, steam, and gases after a fire has been controlled

A

Hydraulic

96
Q

_____ Ventilation uses a spray stream from a fog nozzle to entrain smoke and gases and carry them out of the structure through a door or window

A

Hydraulic

97
Q

Information gathered from the incident scene size up and any _____ should identify buildings that have roofs supported by lightweight or engineered trusses for pulling soffits to identify the construction type

A

Preincident planning

98
Q

If the basement has ground level windows or even below grade level windows in ______, horizontal ventilation can be employed effectively

A

Wells

99
Q

________ from the basement, such as stairwells and hoistway shafts can be used to evacuate heat and smoke if there is a way to expel the heat and smoke to the atmosphere without placing other portions of the building in danger

A

Natural paths

100
Q

Before the doors on the fire floors are opened and the stairwell is ventilated, roof access door must be ______ or removed from its hinges

A

Blocked open

101
Q

______ Operations are performed during or immediately after a fire

A

Salvage

102
Q

The most important aspect of tactical ventilation in high-rise buildings is the ability to confine the fire to its compartment or floor of origin. This task is accomplished through ________

A

Door control

103
Q

_______ Operations serve to protect property and minimize the fuel load available to a fire

A

Salvage

104
Q

Salvage operations require specific tools and equipment that should be stored in a specifically designated _________or other containers to make them easier to carry

A

Salvage toolbox

Strategy And Tactics (7 decks)

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