Ch. 6, Social Structures/Inequality

Question 1

Age Grading:

Answer 1

process by which chronological age influences elements of social life such as social positions, roles, norms and structured social relationships

Question 2

Ascriptive Age Norms:

Answer 2

based on rules and constraints determined for a specific chronological age (voting/driving)

Question 3

Consensual Age Norms:

Answer 3

provide an approximate age range in which specific roles/behaviors are accepted (marriage, etc.)

Question 4

Age-Segregated

Answer 4

like university residences/nursing homes are

Question 5

Age-Integrated:

Answer 5

like families and workplaces

Question 6

Age Structures:

Answer 6

socially structured relations among individuals and age cohorts; create structural level processes such as cohort flow, intergenerational transfers of wealth and support within families and in society at large

Question 7

Generational Units:

Answer 7

At the societal level, each generation may include subgroups with different world views or with a unique group consciousness, such as university students compared to people of the same age working in blue­collar occupations. These unique subgroups are known as generational units (Marshall 1983). In some generations, there may be no generational units or a number may form depending on the social, political, or economic circumstances

Question 8

Generational Analysis:

Answer 8

comparing specific cohorts or groups of adjacent cohorts that comprise a generation on the basis of socio-historical experiences (MACRO LEVEL)

Question 9

Lineage Effects:

Answer 9

when generational analysis is used to study similarities, differences, or conflicts among generations in an extended family

Question 10

l

Answer 10

l

Question 11

Intergenerational Transfers:

Answer 11

transfer of money, property formal services etc. to children (must consider the direction of transfer, the sector, the content, and the nature of it)

Question 12

Public Transfers:

Answer 12

made from state to individuals (education, income supplement, subsidies)

Question 13

Private TRansfers:

Answer 13

within families (potential to maintain relative economic advantage from one generation to the next)

Question 14

Intergenerational “Social Contract”:

Answer 14

assumes that generations with relatively common expectations and obligations work together to ensure solidarity, support, and orderly generational succession across the life course