Ch. 6 Mechanisims of motivation,sleep, and emotion

Question 1

“_____ refers to a category of hormones, including testosterone, which are normally thought of as male hormones. “

Answer 1

Androgen

Question 2

_____ insomnia occurs when people have an inability to fall asleep until very late at night.

Answer 2

Sleep -onset

Question 3

Which of the following causes a marked decline in male sex drive:

Answer 3

castration

Question 4

“The area of male mammal brain contains many receptor sites for testosterone that, if “

Answer 4

medial preoptic area

Question 5

“Darryl is fifteen years old and experiencing the _____ effects of sex hormones, and because the _____ effects of sex hormones influenced his brain to develop in a male direction before birth, he is attracted to fellow classmates who are female.”

Answer 5

activating; differentiating

Question 6

Mario eats lasagna until he is completely full yet he experiences a renewed appetite upon seeing and smelling ice cream. Mario has experienced the phenomenon known as:
Answer

Answer 6

sensory-specific satiety

Question 7

“Gretchen is struggling with a prescription drug addiction and is really trying to kick the habit. She hates the drug, but every time she tells herself that she s going to stop, she ends up wanting it so badly that she gives in and pops another pill. Which of the following is likely a physiological component contributing to her addiction?”

Answer

Answer 7

The drug-induced changes in her brain reduced the endorphin-mediated pleasure response while the dopamine response has not been reduced

Question 8

Peptide YY3-36 is:

Answer 8

an appetite-suppressing hormone

Question 9

“Although someone may not wake up when you say their name, their brain:”

Answer

Answer 9

responds in a similar way as if he/she were awake.

Question 10

Mary is a girl who just went through puberty. Due to this time in her life, Mary will start to have her menstrual cycle and her ovaries will produce more _____.

Answer 10

estrogen

Question 11

“_____ waves typically occur when a person is relaxed but awake, not thinking of anything in particular.”

Answer

Answer 11

aplha

Question 12

The fact that all vertebrate animals sleep at least an hour or two out of every day, regardless of the degree to which they are at risk while sleeping, lends support to the _____ theory of sleep.”

Answer 12

body restoration

Question 13

In western cultures, including the United States, a person s likelihood of becoming obese depends mainly on a person’s:”

Answer 13

genes

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a self-conscious emotion?

Answer 14

Anger

Question 15

The constancy of internal conditions that the body must actively maintain is called

Answer 15

homeostasis

Question 16

Schachter s theory of emotion focuses on the _____ and _____ of the emotion.
Answer

Answer 16

type;intensity

Question 17

REM sleep occurs after approximately _____ minutes of sleep time.
Answer

Answer 17

80-100

Question 18

The presence or absence of this hormone results in the genitals developing into male or female structures.
Answer

Answer 18

testosterone

Question 19

What does the measure of obesity known as BMI stand for?

Answer 19

bosy mass index

Question 20

“The emotions identified in your textbook as self-conscious emotions include pride, shame, _____ and embarrassment.”

Answer 20

guilt

Question 21

Which of the following, according to the book, cause brain structures in the brain s reward system to activate, such as the nucleus accumbens?”

Answer 21

compolsive

Question 22

Dopamine is responsible for the _____ feeling and endorphins are responsible for _____ feeling.

Answer 22

wanting;liking

Question 23

What tiny area of the brain has been has been described as the master control center of appetite and weight regulation?
Answer

Answer 23

arcuate nucleus

Question 24

Self-conscious emotions are emotions for which the object is

Answer 24

about one s self or one s own actions

Question 25

This lies in the lowest potion of the hypothalamus and is where most of what the textbook author calls the food-o-stat neurons are concentrated at.

Answer 25

arcuate nucleus

Question 26

“According to the _____ theory, sleep came about in evolution to preserve energy and protect individuals during that portion of the 24-hour day when there is little value and considerable danger in moving about.”

Answer

Answer 26

preservation and protection

Question 27

Of the three theories of emotion, the common-sense theory says that peripheral changes in the body are _____ emotions.”

Answer 27

results of

Question 28

What is the role of the hormone PYY?

Answer 28

exciting appetite-suppressing neurons and inhibits appetite-stimulating neurons

Question 29

“Sex hormones have two main influences on mammals sex drives. One is called the _____ and involves the development of the brain, and the other is called the _____ and involves the already-developed brain.”

Answer

Answer 29

differentiating; activating

Question 30

“There is _____ evidence that homosexuality is a factor of parenting style, absence of a parent, and/or early seduction or abuse.”

Answer 30

little to no

Question 31

“As discussed in chapter 6 of the text, _____ is considered a cultural disease of our current time and place”

Answer 31

obesity

Question 32

“Even though Rebecca regularly has vivid dreams that seem to be representative of real-world experiences that she has had or will soon have, the _____ theory suggests that these dreams do not have a useful function in life.”

Answer 32

side effect

Question 33

“_____ waves typically occur when a person is relaxed but awake, not thinking of anything in particular.”

Answer 33

alpha

Question 34

“In most mammals, female sexual drive and behavior are controlled by:”

Answer

Answer 34

the estrouse cycle

Question 35

Which of the following is a hormone involved in appetite-reduction?

Answer 35

leptin