Ch. 6 Mechanisims of motivation,sleep, and emotion Flashcards
“_____ refers to a category of hormones, including testosterone, which are normally thought of as male hormones. “
Androgen
_____ insomnia occurs when people have an inability to fall asleep until very late at night.
Sleep -onset
Which of the following causes a marked decline in male sex drive:
castration
“The area of male mammal brain contains many receptor sites for testosterone that, if “
medial preoptic area
“Darryl is fifteen years old and experiencing the _____ effects of sex hormones, and because the _____ effects of sex hormones influenced his brain to develop in a male direction before birth, he is attracted to fellow classmates who are female.”
activating; differentiating
Mario eats lasagna until he is completely full yet he experiences a renewed appetite upon seeing and smelling ice cream. Mario has experienced the phenomenon known as:
Answer
sensory-specific satiety
“Gretchen is struggling with a prescription drug addiction and is really trying to kick the habit. She hates the drug, but every time she tells herself that she s going to stop, she ends up wanting it so badly that she gives in and pops another pill. Which of the following is likely a physiological component contributing to her addiction?”
Answer
The drug-induced changes in her brain reduced the endorphin-mediated pleasure response while the dopamine response has not been reduced
Peptide YY3-36 is:
an appetite-suppressing hormone
“Although someone may not wake up when you say their name, their brain:”
Answer
responds in a similar way as if he/she were awake.
Mary is a girl who just went through puberty. Due to this time in her life, Mary will start to have her menstrual cycle and her ovaries will produce more _____.
estrogen
“_____ waves typically occur when a person is relaxed but awake, not thinking of anything in particular.”
Answer
aplha
The fact that all vertebrate animals sleep at least an hour or two out of every day, regardless of the degree to which they are at risk while sleeping, lends support to the _____ theory of sleep.”
body restoration
In western cultures, including the United States, a person s likelihood of becoming obese depends mainly on a person’s:”
genes
Which of the following is NOT a self-conscious emotion?
Anger
The constancy of internal conditions that the body must actively maintain is called
homeostasis
Schachter s theory of emotion focuses on the _____ and _____ of the emotion.
Answer
type;intensity
REM sleep occurs after approximately _____ minutes of sleep time.
Answer
80-100
The presence or absence of this hormone results in the genitals developing into male or female structures.
Answer
testosterone
What does the measure of obesity known as BMI stand for?
bosy mass index
“The emotions identified in your textbook as self-conscious emotions include pride, shame, _____ and embarrassment.”
guilt
Which of the following, according to the book, cause brain structures in the brain s reward system to activate, such as the nucleus accumbens?”
compolsive
Dopamine is responsible for the _____ feeling and endorphins are responsible for _____ feeling.
wanting;liking
What tiny area of the brain has been has been described as the master control center of appetite and weight regulation?
Answer
arcuate nucleus
Self-conscious emotions are emotions for which the object is
about one s self or one s own actions
This lies in the lowest potion of the hypothalamus and is where most of what the textbook author calls the food-o-stat neurons are concentrated at.
arcuate nucleus
“According to the _____ theory, sleep came about in evolution to preserve energy and protect individuals during that portion of the 24-hour day when there is little value and considerable danger in moving about.”
Answer
preservation and protection
Of the three theories of emotion, the common-sense theory says that peripheral changes in the body are _____ emotions.”
results of
What is the role of the hormone PYY?
exciting appetite-suppressing neurons and inhibits appetite-stimulating neurons
“Sex hormones have two main influences on mammals sex drives. One is called the _____ and involves the development of the brain, and the other is called the _____ and involves the already-developed brain.”
Answer
differentiating; activating
“There is _____ evidence that homosexuality is a factor of parenting style, absence of a parent, and/or early seduction or abuse.”
little to no
“As discussed in chapter 6 of the text, _____ is considered a cultural disease of our current time and place”
obesity
“Even though Rebecca regularly has vivid dreams that seem to be representative of real-world experiences that she has had or will soon have, the _____ theory suggests that these dreams do not have a useful function in life.”
side effect
“_____ waves typically occur when a person is relaxed but awake, not thinking of anything in particular.”
alpha
“In most mammals, female sexual drive and behavior are controlled by:”
Answer
the estrouse cycle
Which of the following is a hormone involved in appetite-reduction?
leptin