CH 6: Long-Term Memory: Structure Flashcards
Lynette just memorized a 20-word vocabulary list. If she exhibits a typical serial position curve for recall, which word would she likely have the BEST chance of recalling correctly?
a. the first
b. the fifth
c. the seventh
d. the ninth
a. the first
Lynette just memorized a 20-word vocabulary list. If she produces a typical serial position curve and experiences the typical recency effect, _____.
a. her BEST recall will be for words at the start of the list
b. her WORST recall will be for words at the start of the list
c. her BEST recall will be for words at the end of the list
d. her WORST recall will be for words at the end of the list
c. her BEST recall will be for words at the end of the list
Kara is given lists of words, one list at a time, to remember. The first list includes only flowers and she is able to recall them very well. The second list is also all flowers and she recalls it well, but not as well as the first. The third list is also all flowers and she recalls it fairly well, but not as well as the second list and substantially less successfully than the first. The fourth list includes only dog breeds. Based on Wicken’s research, what outcome would you expect?
a. Kara’s memory performance will continue to decline at about the same rate.
b. Kara’s memory performance will decline at a much sharper rate and she will recall few if any words.
c. Kara’s memory performance will get minimally better.
d. Kara’s memory performance will get substantially better, approaching that of the first list
d. Kara’s memory performance will get substantially better, approaching that of the first list
According to Tulving, the defining property of the experience of episodic memory is that it involves _____.
a. the re-experience of sensory images
b. mental time travel
c. emotionally significant experiences
d. very limited processing
b. mental time travel
Semantic memory is best described as _____.
a. an understanding of the self
b. knowledge about the world that is tied to knowledge about personal experiences
c. knowledge about the world that does not have to be tied to personal experiences
d. an understanding of how to do things
c. knowledge about the world that does not have to be tied to personal experiences
Which distinguishes autobiographical memory from episodic memory?
a. Episodic memory involves more recent experiences, while autobiographical memory involves both distant and recent experiences.
b. Episodic memory can include both autobiographical and semantic components.
c. Autobiographical memory can include both episodic and semantic components.
d. Autobiographical memory involves more recent experiences, while episodic memory involves both distant and recent experiences.
c. Autobiographical memory can include both episodic and semantic components.
Research with patients who have experienced brain damage affecting their _____ memory suggests that they also have trouble constructing representations of possible future scenarios.
a. short-term
b. episodic
c. semantic
d. working
b. episodic
What did Addis and coworkers find when they used fMRI to determine how the brain is activated by remembering the past and imagining the future?
a. There was no overlap between the brain regions active during silent description of the past and those active during silent description of the future.
b. There was very limited overlap between the brain regions active during silent description of the past and those active during silent description of the future.
c. There was substantial overlap between the brain regions active during silent description of the past and those active during silent description of the future, but a number of different regions were also involved.
d. All the brain regions active during silent description of the past were also active during silent description of the future.
d. All the brain regions active during silent description of the past were also active during silent description of the future.
According to the constructive episodic simulation hypothesis, episodic memories are _____.
a. recombined to imagine scenarios about the future
b. constructed from semantic and autobiographical memories
c. the basis of all other types of memories
d. actively suppressed when imagining future scenarios
a. recombined to imagine scenarios about the future
Types of explicit memory include _____.
a. episodic memory
b. skill memory
c. priming
d. conditioning
a. episodic memory
Procedural memory is a type of _____ memory.
a. episodic
b. semantic
c. implicit
d. explicit
c. implicit
Duane is walking down a hallway near an alarm loudspeaker when it sounds for a fire drill, startling him badly and causing him to feel fearful. The next time he is walking down the hallway, he feels uneasy and fearful. Duane has experienced _____ conditioning.
a. operant
b. instrumental
c. classical
d. Skinnerian
c. classical
Classical conditioning is INVOLUNTARY
Which of the following types of exam questions is an example of recognition memory?
a. fill-in-the-blank
b. multiple-choice
c. short answer
d. essay
b. multiple-choice
Which of the following would be an example of auditory coding in long-term memory?
a. Visualizing what the White House looked like when you saw it last summer.
b. Recalling the general plot of a novel you read last week.
c. A song you have heard many times before, repeating over and over in your mind.
d. Representing the sounds of letters in the mind just after hearing them.
c. A song you have heard many times before, repeating over and over in your mind.
Suppose a subject began recall of a list of words after counting backwards for 30 seconds. What would be the likely consequence of doing this?
a. It would illustrate the primacy and recency effects.
b. The words would be more likely to enter into long-term memory.
c. The primacy effect is eliminated.
d. The recency effect is eliminated.
d. The recency effect is eliminated.
