Ch. 6 - Casts

Question 0

Casts are formed within the lumens of the _____

Answer 0

Distal convoluted tubules

Collecting ducts

Question 1

These are the only elements found in the urinary sediment that are unique to the kidney.

Answer 1

Casts

Question 2

Examination under the microscope of sediments for the identification of casts is performed using what type of objective?

Answer 2

Low-power objective

Question 3

Major constituents of casts

Answer 3

Tamm-Horsfall protein

Question 4

A glycoprotein secreted by the RTE cells

Answer 4

Tamm-Horsfall protein

Question 5

Term used to describe the presence of urinary casts

Answer 5

Cylindruria

Question 6

What is the most frequently seen cast?

Answer 6

Hyaline casts

Question 7

Pathologically, hyaline casts are increased during _____

Answer 7

Acute glomerulonephritis
Pyelonephritis
Chronic renal disease
Congestive heart failure

Question 8

Hyaline casts produces what color when stained with Sternheimer-Malbin stain?

Answer 8

Pink

Question 9

Presence of ____ casts shows bleeding within the nephron. These are primarily associated with damage to glomerulus (glomerulonephritis).

Answer 9

RBC

Question 10

RBC casts associated with glomerular damage are usually associated with what diseases?

Answer 10

Proteinuria

Dysmorphic erythrocytes

Question 11

Presence of ____ casts in the urine signifies infection or inflammation within the nephron

Answer 11

WBC

Question 12

WBC casts are most frequently associated with what disease?

Answer 12

Pyelonephritis

Question 13

This type of cast contains bacilli both within and bound to the protein matrix and is seen in pyelonephritis

Answer 13

Bacterial casts

Question 14

Casts containing RTE cells represents the presence of _____, producing urinary stasis along with disruption of tubular linings.

Answer 14

Advanced tubular destruction

Question 15

Casts seen in conjugation with oval fat bodies and free fat droplets in disorders causing lipiduria.

Answer 15

Fatty casts

Question 16

Fatty casts are most frequently associated with the _____.

Answer 16

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 17

Casts that are representative of extreme urine stasis, indicating chronic renal failure.

Answer 17

Waxy casts

Question 18

Often referred to as renal failure casts; represent extreme urine stasis.

Answer 18

Broad casts