Ch. 6 Aggregates in the community Flashcards
Aggregates
groups that have common characteristics (special interests or geographic locations)
Health concerns/ leading causes of death
Children
- perinatal conditions and congenital anomalies
- SIDS
- motor vehicle and other unintentional injuries
Health concerns/ leading causes of death
Adolescents
- motor vehicle or unintentional injuries
- homicide
- suicide
Screening and Preventative Services
Children
+ height and weight
+ vision and hearing
+ dental health
+ at birth: hemoglobinopathy, phenylalanine level, T4, TSH
+ immunization status
+ lead exposure
+ cholesterol and triglyceride levels
Screening and Preventative Services
Adolescents
+ height and weight
+ vision and hearing
+ dental
+ rubella serology and immunization hx
+ substance use disorder
+ mental health
+ cholesterol and triglyceride levels
National Health Goals: Children
Reduction in; caries, obesity, infant mortality, exposure to secondhand smoke
Increase in;
-newborn blood spot screenings and f/u testing
-access to a medical home
-schools that require health education
-immunizations
-use of child safety restraints
-physical activity
-number of infants who are breastfed
National Health Goals: Adolescents
Reduction in;
violent crimes, use of alcohol, marijuana, and illicit drugs
deaths related to motor vehicle
increase in;
schools with a breakfast program, participation in extracurricular activities
wellness checkups
physical activity
Education for Adolescents
- anticipatory guidance
- substance use disorders
- sexual behavior
- nutrition, especially calcium intake for females
- physical activity
- skin protection
- injury prevention including care, fire, and firearm safety
Health Concerns and leading causes of death
Adults
- heart disease
- DM
- mental health disorders
- STI
- colorectal cancers
Females: Reproductive health and malignant neoplasms
Males: unintentional injuries, erectile dysfunctions, malignant neoplams
National Health Goals
Adults
Decrease in;
-disease involving bone
-death from cancer
-sexual violence
-incidence of HIV and AIDS
-fatal/non-fatal injuries
-unplanned pregnancies
-excessive alcohol and tobacco use
Increase in;
+ use of hormonal/ barrier contraceptive
+ pregnant clients who receive early and adequate prenatal care
+ ability to identify signs of stroke or heart attack
+ abstinence from alcohol, nicotine, and other substances among pregnant women
Older Americans Act
Administration on Aging
promotes health services for older adults through states, using local nonprofit agencies funded by U.S. government
National Health Goals:
Older Adults
Reduction in;
- proportion of older adults who have moderate to severe functional limitations
- hospitalizations due to heart failure
- inappropriate medication use by older adults who have a disability
- hospitalizations due to pressure injuries
- ED visits due to falls
Increase in;
+ use of clinical preventive services
+ use of Welcome to Medicare benefits
+ info. to public about elder abuse, neglect, exploitation
+ physical activity among those who have reduced physical or cognitive function
+health care professionals who have geriatric certifications
Family as a component of society
monitors how families interact with other institutions in a community (schools, medical facilities, congregations)
used to study and implement population-focused interventions (immunization campaigns for a disadvantage population)
Family as a system
studies how interactions among family members affect the whole family function
How one change in the family impacts the whole family members? (ex. Ask how the stroke impacted all family members)
used to promote family health by directing interventions toward the way family members interact with each other.
Family as a client
- examines the family unit functioning first, then individual needs next
focus on the family with individual needs second
(Ask how family how their function overall has changed following the client’s stroke)
- used to see how the family health is impacted by each individual’s reaction to a health event
