Ch. 6 & 7

Question 1

What is Audience-Centeredness?

Answer 1

Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation.

Question 2

To be audience-centered, what three questions must you keep in mind when you work on your speech?

Answer 2

1. To whom am I speaking?
2. What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech.
3. What is the most effective way of composing and presenting my speech to accomplish that aim?

Question 3

What is Egocentrism?

Answer 3

The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being

Question 4

Every speech contains what two messages?

Answer 4

1. The one sent by the speaker

2. The one received by the listener

Question 5

What is Demographic Audience Analysis?

Answer 5

Audience analysis that focuses on demographic factors such as age, gender, religion, sexual orientation, group membership, and racial, ethnic, or cultural background

Question 6

What is Stereotyping?

Answer 6

Creating an oversimplified image of a a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all members of the group are alike

Question 7

What are the two steps involved in Demographic Audience Analysis?

Answer 7

1. Identifying the general demographic features of your audience
2. Gauging the importance of those features to a particular speaking situation

Question 8

What is situational audience analysis?

Answer 8

Audience analysis that focuses on situational factors such as the size of the audience, the physical setting for the speech, and the disposition of the audience toward the topic, the speaker, and the occasion

Question 9

The larger the audience, the ______________

Answer 9

More formal your presentation must be

Question 10

Audience size may also affect your

Answer 10

1. Language
2. Choice of appeals
3. Use of visual aids

Question 11

In terms of an audiences disposition towards the topic, what three things must you take into consideration once you select your topic?

Answer 11

1. Their interest in the topic
2. Their knowledge about it.
3. Their attitude toward it

Question 12

What is the definition of Attitude?

Answer 12

A frame of mind in favor of or opposed to a person, policy, belief, institution, etc.

Question 13

What are the three major types of questions to choose from when developing an audience-analysis questionnaire?

Answer 13

1. Fixed-alternative questions
2. Scale questions
3. Open-ended questions

Question 14

What are fixed-alternative questions?

Answer 14

Questions that offer a fixed choice between two or more alternatives.

Question 15

What are scale questions?

Answer 15

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers

Question 16

What are open-ended questions?

Answer 16

Questions that allow respondents to answer however they want.

Question 17

What is audience adoption?

Answer 17

Adapting the information collected during audience analysis to the actual speech itself

Question 18

What are the two major stages in the process of audience adaption?

Answer 18

1. Before the speech, as part of your pre-production and rehearsal
2. During the presentation of the speech itself

Question 19

Audience adaption before the speech essentially means two things:

Answer 19

1. Assessing how your audience is likely to respond to what you say in your speech, and
2. Adjusting what you say to make it as clear, appropriate, and convincing as possible

Question 20

Audience adaption during the speech in similar terms is just

Answer 20

Adjusting on the fly

Question 21

What are the four types of reference works?

Answer 21

1. Encyclopedias
2. Yearbooks
3. Quotation Books
4. Biographical AIDS

Question 22

Three ways of evaluating internet documents are

Answer 22

1. Authorship
2. Sponsorship
3. Recency

Question 23

The principles of effective interviewing fall into what three groups?

Answer 23

1. What to do before the interview
2. What to do during the interview
3. What to do after the interview

Question 24

What are four tips for doing research?

Answer 24

1. Start early
2. Make a preliminary bibliography
3. Take notes efficiently
4. Think about your materials as you research

Question 25

What are the three main sources of research?

Answer 25

1. Library
2. Internet
3. Interviewing people

Question 26

The library catalogue lists

Answer 26

Books
Periodicals
Other resources owned by the library

Question 27

Databases help you find

Answer 27

Articles in

• magazines
• newspapers
• journals

Question 28

When searching the internet, you need

Answer 28

A strategy that will help you find exactly what you need

Question 29

Before an interview, you should do what three things?

Answer 29

1. Define its purpose
2. Decide whom you are going to interview
3. Prepare the interview questions

Question 30

Once the interview begins you should do what two things?

Answer 30

1. Listen attentively

2. Take accurate notes

Question 31

After an interview you should

Answer 31

Transcribe your notes as soon as possible