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Phelbotomy Final Revewi > ch 6 > Flashcards

ch 6 Flashcards

1
Q

The cardiovascular system is responsible for:

Respiration

Circulation

Body movement

Body structure

A

circulation

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2
Q

The average adult has about ________ pints of blood.

8 to 12

15 to 20

3 to 5

4 to 6

A

8-12

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3
Q

The vascular system is made up of more than _________ miles of tubes (blood vessels).

8,000

45,000

12,000

70,000

A

70,000

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4
Q

Tube-like structures that make up the vascular system are known as:

Ureters

Fallopian tubes

Blood vessels

Intestines

A

blood vessals

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5
Q

The ________ divides the heart into left and right sides.

transverse plane

diaphragm

septum

coronal plane

A

septum

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6
Q

The ______ side(s) of the heart carries oxygenated blood.

right

right and left

left

middle and left

A

left

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7
Q

The heart consists of ____ layers.

2

5

3

4

A

3

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8
Q

Which fluid is found surrounding the heart, located between the serous visceral membrane and the parietal membrane?

Pleural

Synovial

Amniotic

Pericardial

A

Pericardial

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9
Q

The two membranes of the epicardium and the pericardial fluid surrounding the heart are known collectively as the ________.

bursa sac

lymph sac

pericardial sac

air sac

A

pericardial sac

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10
Q

Where are the alveoli located?

Lungs

Stomach

Brain

Intestines

A

Lungs

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11
Q

Deoxygenated blood has a ________ concentration of carbon dioxide compared to oxygen.

higher

lower

equal

diminished

A

Higher

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12
Q

The systemic circulation is responsible for delivering what kind of blood to the body?

Oxygen-poor

Nutrient-rich

Nutrient-deficient

Carbon dioxide-rich

A

Nutrient-rich

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13
Q

The superior and inferior vena cava empty into which chamber?

Right ventricle

Left atrium

Left ventricle

Right atrium

A

Right atrium

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14
Q

Which arteries transport blood to the lungs?

Carotid

Femoral

Pulmonary

Brachial

A

Pulmonary

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15
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

Aorta

Femoral

Brachial

Hepatic

A

Aorta

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16
Q

Gas exchange takes place within which vessels?

Capillaries

Veins

Arteries

Venules

A

Capillaries

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17
Q

Which vessels transport blood away from the heart?

Capillaries

Arteries

Veins

Venules

A

Arteries

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18
Q

Which arteries DO NOT contain oxygenated blood?

Brachial

Systemic

Pulmonary

Femoral

A

Pulmonary

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19
Q

Deoxygenated blood is transported by the _______.

pulmonary arteries

aorta

pulmonary veins

femoral arteries

A

pulmonary arteries

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20
Q

Which vessels are one cell layer thick?

Arteries

Veins

Capillaries

Venules

A

Capillaries

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21
Q

Capillaries permit the gas exchange of carbon dioxide and _______.
oxygen

hydrogen

nitrogen

carbon monoxide

A

oxygen

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22
Q

The innermost layer of veins and arteries is the tunica _______ layer.

intima

media

mucosa

adventitia

A

intima

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23
Q

The thickest layer of veins and arteries is the tunica ______ layer.

fibrosa

adventitia

media

intima

A

media

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24
Q

The outer covering that covers the arteries and veins is the tunica ________ layer.

media

serosa

intima

adventitia

A

adventitia

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25
Q

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart and are called ________ vessels.

afferent

centripetal

receptive

efferent

A

efferent

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26
Q

Arterial blood is bright red because of its _______ level.

high carbon dioxide

low oxygen

low carbon dioxide

high oxygen

A

high oxygen

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27
Q

Waste products pass from the body’s cells and tissues back into the bloodstream for excretion from all of the following systems EXCEPT:

Respiratory

Endocrine

Urinary

Digestive

A

Endocrine

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28
Q

Veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart so they are considered _______ vessels.

efferent

afferent

motorial

unimportant

A

afferent

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29
Q

Veins have _______.

a pulse

thick walls

high pressure

one-way valves

A

one-way valves

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30
Q

An artery will _______.

pulsate

always be visible

feel mushy

not roll

A

pulsate

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31
Q

A vein will ________.

always be visible

pulsate

have resiliency

always be palpable

A

have resiliency

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32
Q

Selecting a vein that lies over or close to an artery can result in:

The best blood flow

No blood flow

A painless phlebotomy procedure

An accidental arterial puncture

A

An accidental arterial puncture

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33
Q

The veins most commonly used for venipuncture are located in an area known as the:

Sweet spot

Radial fossa

Antecubital fossa

Ovarian fossa

A

Antecubital fossa

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34
Q

The most commonly used vein for venipuncture is called the:

Median cubital

Brachial

Cephalic

Basilic

A

Median cubital

35
Q

The second best vein to select for venipuncture is called the:

Basilic

Median cubital

Cephalic

Bracial

A

Cephalic

36
Q

The basilic vein lies close to the _______.

aorta

femoral artery

pulmonary artery

brachial artery

A

brachial artery

37
Q

Using hand veins for venipuncture tends to be _____ for the patient.

less painful

not painful

more painful

slightly painful

A

more painful

38
Q

It is unacceptable for phlebotomists to perform a venipuncture from all of the following EXCEPT:

Head

Hand

Legs

Feet

A

hand

39
Q

Inflammation of the skin is known as:

Osteochondritis

Arthritis

Sinusitis

Dermatitis

A

Dermatitis

40
Q

Tourniquets should not be placed directly on a patient who has _______.

HIV

a heart condition

dermatitis

a cold

A

dermatitis

41
Q

When a patient has dermatitis, a tourniquet can be placed over all of the following EXCEPT:

skin

patient’s gown

gauze

clothing

A

skin

42
Q

Blood should not be drawn from an arm with a/an ________.

scar

IV

tattoo

mole

A

IV

43
Q

Accidental puncture of the _________ could result in temporary or permanent loss of function in that arm.

median nerve

median cubital

brachial artery

basilic vein

A

median nerve

44
Q

The best way to prevent injury to the median nerve is to avoid ________ at the venipuncture site.

pressure

pinching

peeling

probing

A

probing

45
Q

Blood helps ________ body temperature.

create

reduce

regulate

increase

A

regulate

46
Q

Plasma makes up about ______ of blood’s total volume.

55%

5%

10%

90%

A

55%

47
Q

Plasma contains _______ water.

90% to 92%

50% to 55%

3% to 10%

24% to 31%

A

90% to 92%

48
Q

RBCs originate in the ________.

heart

bone marrow

liver

lymph

A

bone marrow

48
Q

During the fetal stage, the liver and _______ form blood cells.

kidneys

pancreas

gallbladder

spleen

A

spleen

49
Q

Red blood cells cave inward at the center on both sides. This is known as _________.

concave

convex

biconcave

biconvex

A

biconcave

50
Q

The average life span of an erythrocyte is about _______ days.

10

120

200

30

A

120

51
Q

Which molecule gives RBCs the ability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Hemoglobin

Amylase

Water

Ribose

A

Hemoglobin

52
Q

Heme is a/an _______ that helps make up hemoglobin.

white blood cell

platelet

iron compound

red blood cell

A

iron compound

53
Q

White blood cells are also known as ______.

thrombocytes

leukocytes

erythrocytes

platelets

A

leukocytes

54
Q

White cells perform a process that will surround and destroy foreign invaders. This process is known as______.

athrocytosis

endocytosis

phagocytosis

monocytosis

A

phagocytosis

55
Q

Phlebotomists need to apply pressure to the venipuncture site for a minimum of ________ when patients lack natural clotting factors or may be on anticoagulant medications.

10 to 15 seconds

1 minute

30 to 50 seconds

3 to 5 minutes

A

3 to 5 minutes

56
Q

What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

Bicuspid

Tricuspid

Mitral

Aortic

A

Tricuspid

57
Q

What is the name of the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

Dicuspid

Pulmonary

Mitral

Tricuspid

A

Mitral

58
Q

The mitral valve is another name for:

Tricuspid valve

Discuspid valve

Ficuspid valve

Bicuspid valve

A

Bicuspid valve

59
Q

What are the names of the two semilunar valves of the heart?

Pulmonary and arterial

Arterial and aortic

Pulmonary and aortic

Pulmonary and systemic

A

Pulmonary and aortic

60
Q

______ occurs when blood collects under the skin, forming a black and blue mass.

Hemolysis

Hemostasis

Hematoma

Hemoglobin

A

Hematoma

61
Q

What serves as the connecting points/link between the arterioles and venules?

Veins

Capillaries

Arteries

Vessels

A

Capillaries

62
Q

Symptoms of anemia include all of the following EXCEPT:

Weakness

Headache

Pale skin color

Vomiting

A

Vomiting

63
Q

Blood cells formed by myeloid stem cells include all of the following EXCEPT:

Red blood cells

Granulocytes

B-cells

Platelets

A

B-cells

64
Q

What byproduct is formed when the liver breaks down worn-out red blood cells?

Calcium

Bilirubin

Protein

Lysozyme

A

Bilirubin

65
Q

Jaundice results when elevated levels of bilirubin cause the skin and eyes to take on what color?

Blue

Silver

Yellow

Pink

A

Yellow

66
Q

Diapedesis allows _______ to pass through capillaries’ thin walls.

RBCs

lymphocytes

leukocytes

platelets

A

leukocytes

67
Q

Which WBC is the most numerous of all WBCs in adults?

Eosinophil

Basophil

Monocyte

Neutrophil

A

Neutrophil

68
Q

Which WBC increases in response to parasitic infections and allergic conditions?

Eosinophil

Basophil

Monocyte

Neutrophil

A

Eosinophil

69
Q

Which WBC releases histamine, a substance that causes capillary walls to dilate or expand?

Eosinophil

Basophil

Monocyte

Neutrophil

A

Basophil

70
Q

All of the following are lymphoid cells EXCEPT:

T-cells

B-cells

NK cells

KN cells

A

KN cells

71
Q

Which WBCs assist the immune system by producing antibodies?

B-cell lymphocytes

T-cell lymphocytes

Monocytes

Basophils

A

B-cell lymphocytes

72
Q

_______ are responsible for humoral immunity.

T-cell lymphocytes

B-cell lymphocytes

Monocytes

Basophils

A

B-cell lymphocytes

73
Q

What cells respond to stressed or infected cells without the need for antibodies?

B-cells

T-cells

NK cells

Monocytes

A

NK cells

74
Q

How long does a platelet typically remain in circulation?

25-50 days

120 days

2-3 days

9-12 days

A

9-12 days

75
Q

Where is fibrinogen produced?

Kidneys

Liver

Pancreas

Intestines

A

Liver

76
Q

What is the most abundant plasma protein?

Albumin

Fibrinogen

Globulin

Urea

A

Albumin

77
Q

What does the buffy coat consist of?

RBCs and platelets

Platelets

Proteins

Platelets and WBCs

A

Platelets and WBCs

78
Q

What are the proteins on the surface of RBCs called?

Antibodies

Antigens

Reagents

Plasma

A

Antigens

79
Q

What is the medical term for the clumping of RBCs?

Fusion

Agglutination

Reaction

Centrifugation

A

Agglutination

80
Q

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?

A

B

AB

O

A

AB

81
Q

Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

A

B

AB

O

A

O

82
Q

A transfusion reaction occurs when a patient is transfused with blood to which he has an __________.

antigen

agglutinate

allergy

antibody

A

antibody

Phelbotomy Final Revewi (12 decks)

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