ch. 6

Question 1

constituents

Answer 1

meaningful parts of a sentence; words are linked semantically and behave as coherent units, can include other constituents

Question 2

replacement test

Answer 2

you should be able to replace the constituent with a question word (ex: who)

Question 3

movement test

Answer 3

a constituent can occur in a different place in the sentence and be placed as a single unit

Question 4

types of constituents

Answer 4

phrase and a clause

Question 5

phrase definition

Answer 5

its central element is a head but it’s not a clause by itself

Question 6

clause definition

Answer 6

usually consists of multiple phrases, not based on a head, it can be a sentence on its own

Question 7

types of phrases

Answer 7

noun phrase, verb phrase, adjective phrase, appositional phrase, and adverbial phrase

Question 8

noun phrase

Answer 8

has a referential function, used to refer to entities

Question 9

verb phrase

Answer 9

has predicative function

Question 10

adverbial phrase

Answer 10

used to specify properties of something that’s not a noun, outside the NP

Question 11

postpositional

Answer 11

ApP comes after the NP

Question 12

prepositional

Answer 12

ApP comes before the NP

Question 13

adjective phrase

Answer 13

attributive in the NP

Question 14

adjective phrase

Answer 14

attributive in the NP

Question 15

adpositional phrase

Answer 15

relational function,

Question 16

auxiliary verbs

Answer 16

have, be, must, will

Question 17

content words

Answer 17

have concrete meaning, heads of phrases

Question 18

demonstratives

Answer 18

function words that act like content words

Question 19

particles

Answer 19

give specification

Question 20

function words

Answer 20

string together content words, have abstract or grammatical meaning.

Question 21

word categories

Answer 21

syntactic classes of words that are specifically geared to serving as the head of a certain phrase

Question 22

breaking up sentences process

Answer 22

1. divide clause into phrases. 2. identify the head in each phrase. 3. divide remaining material again into heads and modifiers. 4. continue until only heads are left

Question 23

lexical words that constitute clause

Answer 23

the heads left after breaking up sentences.