Ch. 51 Flashcards
Which one of the following structures carries oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava (IVC)?
a. Foramen ovale
b. Ductus arteriosus
c. Ligamentous venous
d. Ductus venosus
D. The ductus venosus carries oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the IVC, which empties into the right atrium of the heart.
Which one of the following terms indicates that the fetal head is toward the fundus of the uterus?
a.Vertex
b.Cephalic
c.Breech
d.Fundal
C. Breech
At what gestational week does the volume of amniotic fluid stop increasing?
a.28th
b.30th
c.32nd
d.34th
D. 34th
Which one of the following indicates that the liver is on the right, the stomach is on the left, and the heart apex is on the left?
a.Normal situs
b.Situs inversus
c.Dextrocardia
d.Mesocardia
A. Normal situs
The widest transverse diameter of the skull and the proper level to measure the biparietal diameter (BPD) includes which one of the following structures?
a.Peduncles
b.Fourth ventricle
c.Thalamus
d.Corpus callosum
C.The cavum septum pellucidum, falx cerebri, thalamus, and ambient cistern are structures located at the level of the widest transverse diameter.
The three vessels found in the umbilical cord are which of the following?
a.One artery and two veins
b.Two arteries and one vein
c.One artery, one vein, and one portal vein
d.Hepatic vein, portal vein, and umbilical vein
B. Two arteries and one vein
Normally, the fetal bladder empties at least every ______________.
a.10 minutes
b.15 minutes
c.3 hours
d.60 minutes
D. 60 minutes
Because of the low-density brain tissue, the texture of the brain may appear ______________.
a.Hyperechoic
b.Hypoechoic
c.Inhomogeneous
d.Echogenic
B. hypoechoic
The cranial bones ossify by ______ weeks.
a.12
b.14
c.16
d.18
a. 12 weeks
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) travels from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle via which one of the following structures?
a.Foramina of Luschka
b.Foramen of Monro
c.Aqueduct of Sylvius
d.Foramina of Magendie
B. From the lateral ventricle, the CSF travels to the third ventricle through the foramen of Monro
The cavum septum pellucidi is observed anterior to the _______________.
a.Peduncles
b.Cerebellum
c.Thalamus
d.Corpus callosum
C. Thalamus
The profile view of the fetal face is important to examine to rule out all of the following abnormalities except:
a.Frontal bossing
b.Micrognathia
c.Cephalocele
d.Cleft soft palate
D. cleft soft palate
Fetal anatomy may be assessed accurately after _________________.
a.16 gestational weeks
b.16 embryonic weeks
c.18 menstrual weeks
d.None of the above
C. 18 menstrual weeks
Especially in the third trimester, a fetus in the breech position may demonstrate a cranium shape of which one of the following?
a.Brachycephalic
b.Cloverleaf
c.Dolichocephalic
d.Fetal position does not change the head shape.
C. With the fetus in a breech presentation (especially in the third trimester), the shape of the head may appear elongated (dolichocephalic).
In the transverse plane, an abnormal fetal spine may appear splayed in all of the following configurations except:
a.V-shaped
b.Y-shaped
c.C-shaped
d.U-shaped
B. Y- shaped
When evaluating the fetal spine, aligning the transducer in a(n) ___________ axis to the spinal elements is important.
a.Perpendicular
b.Parallel
c.Oblique
d.Coronal
A. Perpendicular
Which one of the following structures shunts blood away from the lungs?
a.Pulmonary vein
b.Ductus venosus
c.Ductus arteriosus
d.Aorta
C. The ductus arteriosus shunts the blood away from the lungs.
The presentation of a fetus lying perpendicular to the maternal sagittal axis is in the ____________ position.
a.Vertex
b.Oblique
c.Transverse
d.Breech
C. The transverse position indicates that the fetus is lying horizontal or perpendicular to the maternal sagittal axis.
Which one of the following statements about the fetal liver is false?
a.The fetal liver is the main storage site for glucose.
b.The texture of the fetal liver appears pebble gray.
c.The fetal liver is very sensitive to disturbances in growth.
d.The right lobe is larger than the left lobe in the fetal liver.
D. The right lobe is larger than the left lobe in the fetal liver.
The left lobe of the liver is larger than the right lobe because of the large quantity of oxygenated blood flowing through the left lobe
Beyond 30 weeks’ gestation, a renal pelvis is considered abnormal when measuring greater than _____ millimeters (mm).
a.4
b.6
c.8
d.10
D.A renal pelvis that measures greater than 5 mm before 20 weeks’, 8 mm between 20 and 30 weeks’, and 10 mm beyond 30 weeks’ gestation is considered abnormal.
Visualization of the distal femoral epiphysis signifies a gestational age beyond:
a.28 to 30 weeks
b.31 to 33 weeks
c.33 to 35 weeks
d.All of the above
C. 33 to 35 weeks
Dilation of the entire ventricular system, including the fourth ventricle, is associated with which one of the following abnormalities?
a.Aqueductal stenosis
b.Spinal defects
c.Cardiac defects
d.Foramen Monro stenosis
B. spinal defects
23.The normal atrium of the lateral ventricle measures ______ mm.
a.6.5
b.8
c.10
d.11
A. The normal atrium of the lateral ventricle measures 6.5 mm and is considered abnormal when it exceeds 10 mm.
The size of the cistern magna is obtained by measuring from the _____________ to the ______________.
a.Cerebellar lobe; skin line
b.Vermis; skin line
c.Cerebellar lobe; occipital bone
d.Vermis; occipital bone
D. vermis; occipital bone
Nuchal skin fold thickness of 5 mm or less is normal up to _____ weeks’ gestation.
a.18
b.20
c.22
d.24
B. 20 weeks
